Jones R
Ciba Found Symp. 1978(54):175-93. doi: 10.1002/9780470720356.ch9.
Quantitative histochemical methods demonstrate a variety of glycoproteins within mucus-secreting cells of airway epithelium. A single cell may synthesize one or a combination of four major types--(i) neutral glycoprotein, (ii) and (iii) sialylated either sensitive or resistant to sialidase and (iv) sulphated. In human airway disease, or in experimental response to inhalation of an irritant, there is mucus cell hyperplasia and change in the proportion of cells synthesizing the various types. Experimental studies show how speedily these changes occur. In rats exposed to tobacco smoke changes are found within 20 h of the first exposure. Only in the extrapulmonary epithelium is there discharge of the secretions, with an apparent fall in cell number. Modification of glycoprotein may occur with an unchanged or increased cell number, suggesting that it occurs in existing and newly appearing secretory cells. Modification of the contents of the granule occurs toward the cell apex. Modification of glycoprotein synthesis towards the normal is also the most sensitive and earliest sign of recovery.
定量组织化学方法显示，气道上皮的黏液分泌细胞内存在多种糖蛋白。单个细胞可能合成四种主要类型中的一种或几种组合——（i）中性糖蛋白，（ii）和（iii）对唾液酸酶敏感或不敏感的唾液酸化糖蛋白，以及（iv）硫酸化糖蛋白。在人类气道疾病中，或在对吸入刺激物的实验反应中，会出现黏液细胞增生以及合成各种类型糖蛋白的细胞比例变化。实验研究表明这些变化发生得有多迅速。在接触烟草烟雾的大鼠中，首次接触后20小时内就会发现变化。只有在肺外上皮中，分泌物会排出，细胞数量明显减少。糖蛋白的修饰可能在细胞数量不变或增加的情况下发生，这表明它发生在现有的和新出现的分泌细胞中。颗粒内容物的修饰朝着细胞顶端进行。糖蛋白合成向正常状态的修饰也是恢复最敏感和最早的迹象。
