Lasram Mohamed Montassar, Dhouib Ines Bini, Annabi Alya, El Fazaa Saloua, Gharbi Najoua
Laboratory of Aggression Physiology and Endocrine Metabolic Studies, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Tunis, Tunisia.
Laboratory of Aggression Physiology and Endocrine Metabolic Studies, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Tunis, Tunisia.
Toxicology. 2014 Aug 1;322:1-13. doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2014.04.009. Epub 2014 May 5.
There is increasing evidence reporting that organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) impair glucose homeostasis and cause insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Insulin resistance is a complex metabolic disorder that defies explanation by a single etiological pathway. Formation of advanced glycation end products, accumulation of lipid metabolites, activation of inflammatory pathways and oxidative stress have all been implicated in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance. Ultimately, these molecular processes activate a series of stress pathways involving a family of serine kinases, which in turn have a negative effect on insulin signaling. Experimental and clinical data suggest an association between these molecular mechanisms and OPs compounds. It was first reported that OPs induce hyperglycemia. Then a concomitant increase of blood glucose and insulin was pointed out. For some years only, we have begun to understand that OPs promote insulin resistance and increase the risk of type 2 diabetes. Overall, this review outlines various mechanisms that lead to the development of insulin resistance by OPs exposure.
越来越多的证据表明，有机磷农药（OPs）会损害葡萄糖稳态，导致胰岛素抵抗和2型糖尿病。胰岛素抵抗是一种复杂的代谢紊乱，无法用单一的病因途径来解释。晚期糖基化终产物的形成、脂质代谢产物的积累、炎症途径的激活和氧化应激都与胰岛素抵抗的发病机制有关。最终，这些分子过程激活了一系列涉及丝氨酸激酶家族的应激途径，进而对胰岛素信号产生负面影响。实验和临床数据表明这些分子机制与OPs化合物之间存在关联。首先有报道称OPs会诱发高血糖症。随后又指出血糖和胰岛素会同时升高。仅仅在几年前，我们才开始明白OPs会促进胰岛素抵抗并增加2型糖尿病的风险。总体而言，这篇综述概述了因接触OPs而导致胰岛素抵抗发展的各种机制。
