van den Wijngaart L S, Sieben A, van der Vlugt M, de Leeuw F E, Bredie S J H
Department of General Internal Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, The Netherlands.
Department of Surgery, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, The Netherlands.
West J Nurs Res. 2015 Jun;37(6):705-23. doi: 10.1177/0193945914533427. Epub 2014 May 12.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of a structured screening and nurse-based intervention on cardiovascular risk factors. In patients with established cardiovascular disease, a cardiovascular risk profile was assessed, and lifestyle was evaluated by using an automated questionnaire. A multidisciplinary team proposed an integral individualized plan of care on the basis of these assessments. During follow-up, a nurse-led lifestyle intervention program and the best medical treatment were offered. A total of 328 outpatients were included. After screening, a follow-up term of at least 1 year was reached in 176 patients (59.9%). Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and systolic blood pressure were significantly reduced. A reduction in the amount of smoking, alcohol consumption, and unhealthy eating habits was observed. However, the amount of physical activity was unaffected, and body mass was increased. A structural evaluation of cardiovascular risk factors and an integrated nurse-led approach can successfully reduce risk in cardiovascular patients.
本研究的目的是评估结构化筛查和以护士为主导的干预对心血管危险因素的影响。对于已确诊心血管疾病的患者，评估其心血管风险状况，并通过自动问卷评估生活方式。一个多学科团队根据这些评估提出了一份综合的个体化护理计划。在随访期间，提供了由护士主导的生活方式干预计划和最佳药物治疗。共纳入328名门诊患者。筛查后，176名患者（59.9%）达到了至少1年的随访期。低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和收缩压显著降低。观察到吸烟量、饮酒量和不健康饮食习惯有所减少。然而，身体活动量未受影响，体重增加。对心血管危险因素进行结构化评估以及采用以护士为主导的综合方法可成功降低心血管疾病患者的风险。
