Azizi Zahra, Javid Anbardan Sanam, Ebrahimi Daryani Naser
Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Middle East J Dig Dis. 2014 Jan;6(1):5-12.
Opioids are widely used for the treatment of malignant and non-malignant pains. These medications are accompanied by adverse effects, in particular gastrointestinal symptoms known as opioid bowel dysfunction (OBD). The most common symptom of OBD is refractory constipation that is usually stable regardless of the use of laxatives. Narcotic bowel syndrome (NBS) is a subset of OBD described as ambiguous chronic pain aggravated by continual or increased opioid use for pain relief. Pathophysiology of these disorders are not definitely disentangled. Some challenging hypothesis have been posed leading to specific management in order to mitigate the adverse effects. This article is a review of the literature on the prevalence, pathophysiology and management of OBD and NBS.
阿片类药物广泛用于治疗恶性和非恶性疼痛。这些药物会伴有不良反应，尤其是被称为阿片类肠功能障碍（OBD）的胃肠道症状。OBD最常见的症状是难治性便秘，通常较为稳定，无论是否使用泻药。麻醉性肠综合征（NBS）是OBD的一个子集，被描述为因持续或增加使用阿片类药物缓解疼痛而加重的不明原因慢性疼痛。这些疾病的病理生理学尚未完全厘清。已经提出了一些具有挑战性的假说，从而产生了特定的管理方法以减轻不良反应。本文是对有关OBD和NBS的患病率、病理生理学及管理的文献综述。
