Pomini Valeria, Gournellis Rossetos, Kokkevi Anna, Tomaras Vlassis, Papadimitriou George, Liappas John
11st Department of Psychiatry, National and Capodistrian University of Athens, Eginition Hospital, Athens, Greece.
Subst Use Misuse. 2014 Dec;49(14):1867-77. doi: 10.3109/10826084.2014.913629. Epub 2014 May 16.
The influence of family factors on the development and/or on maintenance of heroin addiction still remains unclear.
The aim of this study was to investigate family factors, which might be associated with heroin addiction in a sample of male individuals.
A group of 40 heroin addicts' families was compared with a group of 17 families with a member presenting schizophrenia and a group of 27 families with mentally healthy members in regard to (1) parents' rejection attitudes toward their adult child, (2) quality of parental bond, as perceived by the adult child, and (3) stressful life events in the nuclear family.
The main findings showed that the degree of rejection by the fathers in the heroin addicts' families as well as in the subjects with schizophrenia was significantly higher compared to the fathers' degree of rejection in the control group. Moreover, the degree of rejection by mothers in the heroin addicts' families was significantly higher compared to the mothers' degree of rejection in the control group. Heroin addicts reported that they had perceived less care from their fathers than healthy controls. The total number of stressful life events in the nuclear family was higher in the patients with schizophrenia in comparison to the healthy controls. Also, in the heroin addicts' group, a significantly higher number of fathers presented a current or past psychiatric disorder.
The findings of this study showed the importance of negative family factors in the course of heroin addiction.
家庭因素对海洛因成瘾的发展和/或维持的影响仍不明确。
本研究旨在调查可能与男性海洛因成瘾样本相关的家庭因素。
将一组40个海洛因成瘾者家庭与一组有精神分裂症患者的17个家庭以及一组家庭成员心理健康的27个家庭在以下方面进行比较：（1）父母对成年子女的排斥态度；（2）成年子女所感知的亲子关系质量；（3）核心家庭中的应激生活事件。
主要研究结果表明，与对照组父亲的排斥程度相比，海洛因成瘾者家庭以及精神分裂症患者家庭中父亲的排斥程度显著更高。此外，与对照组母亲的排斥程度相比，海洛因成瘾者家庭中母亲的排斥程度显著更高。海洛因成瘾者报告称，他们感受到父亲的关爱比健康对照组少。与健康对照组相比，精神分裂症患者核心家庭中的应激生活事件总数更高。此外，在海洛因成瘾者组中，目前或过去患有精神疾病的父亲数量显著更多。
本研究结果表明了负面家庭因素在海洛因成瘾过程中的重要性。
