Chan Y F, Huang S T, Chan H C, Tan P P
Ma Zui Xue Za Zhi. 1989 Dec;27(4):389-93.
Allergic reactions are often unpredictable, sudden in onset and may be potentially lethal. Clinical manifestations are confined to skin (rash, urticaria, angioedema), respiratory tract (laryngeal edema, bronchospasm) and cardiovascular system (hypotension, bradycardia, dysrhythymia). Because cardiovascular collapse is the most common life-threatening clinical feature, immediate and proper treatment is necessary. We have experienced two cases of intraoperative anaphylatic shock between September 1988 and April 1989. The precipitating factors were of nonanesthetic origin (case 1 was probably due to cephalothin and case 2 was due to dextran 40). Both cases manifestated with hypotension, bradycardia, cutaneous rash and urticaria. Recovery was smooth and without sequela after volume expansion and sympathomimetic drug. We discuss these two cases with a brief review.
过敏反应通常不可预测，起病突然，且可能具有潜在致命性。临床表现局限于皮肤（皮疹、荨麻疹、血管性水肿）、呼吸道（喉水肿、支气管痉挛）和心血管系统（低血压、心动过缓、心律失常）。由于心血管衰竭是最常见的危及生命的临床特征，因此立即进行恰当治疗很有必要。我们在1988年9月至1989年4月间遇到了两例术中过敏性休克病例。诱发因素并非麻醉相关（病例1可能是由于头孢噻吩，病例2是由于右旋糖酐40）。两例病例均表现为低血压、心动过缓、皮肤皮疹和荨麻疹。在扩容和使用拟交感神经药物后恢复顺利，且无后遗症。我们对这两例病例进行讨论并简要回顾。
