一般和局部麻醉的热力学。
The thermodynamics of general and local anesthesia.
机构信息
Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
出版信息
Biophys J. 2014 May 20;106(10):2143-56. doi: 10.1016/j.bpj.2014.04.014.
General anesthetics are known to cause depression of the freezing point of transitions in biomembranes. This is a consequence of ideal mixing of the anesthetic drugs in the membrane fluid phase and exclusion from the solid phase. Such a generic law provides physical justification of the famous Meyer-Overton rule. We show here that general anesthetics, barbiturates, and local anesthetics all display the same effect on melting transitions. Their effect is reversed by hydrostatic pressure. Thus, the thermodynamic behavior of local anesthetics is very similar to that of general anesthetics. We present a detailed thermodynamic analysis of heat capacity profiles of membranes in the presence of anesthetics. Using this analysis, we are able to describe experimentally observed calorimetric profiles and predict the anesthetic features of arbitrary molecules. In addition, we discuss the thermodynamic origin of the cutoff effect of long-chain alcohols and the additivity of the effect of general and local anesthetics.
全身麻醉剂会导致生物膜相变点的冻结点降低。这是由于麻醉药物在膜流相中的理想混合以及从固相中被排斥。这种普遍规律为著名的 Meyer-Overton 法则提供了物理依据。我们在这里表明，全身麻醉剂、巴比妥类药物和局部麻醉剂都会对相变的熔化产生相同的影响。它们的作用会被静水压逆转。因此，局部麻醉剂的热力学行为与全身麻醉剂非常相似。我们对存在麻醉剂时膜的热容曲线进行了详细的热力学分析。使用这种分析，我们能够描述实验观察到的量热曲线，并预测任意分子的麻醉特性。此外，我们还讨论了长链醇的截止效应的热力学起源以及全身麻醉剂和局部麻醉剂的效果的可加性。
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