离子-表面相互作用中的强非经典诱导力：Hofmeister 效应的普遍起源。
Strong non-classical induction forces in ion-surface interactions: general origin of Hofmeister effects.
机构信息
Chongqing key laboratory of soil multi-scale interfacial process, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, CHINA.
Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92501, USA.
出版信息
Sci Rep. 2014 May 23;4:5047. doi: 10.1038/srep05047.
Hofmeister effects continue to defy all-encompassing theories, and their origin is still a matter of debate. We observed strong Hofmeister effects in Ca2+/Na+ exchange on a permanently charged surface over a wide range of ionic strengths. They could not be attributed to dispersion forces, classical induction forces, ionic size, or hydration effects. We demonstrated that another stronger force was active in the ion-surface interactions, and which would create Hofmeister effects in general. The strength of this force was up to 10(4) times that of the classical induction force, and could be comparable to the Coulomb force. Coulomb, dispersion and hydration effects appeared to be interwined to affect the force. The presence of the observed strong non-classical induction force implied that energies of non-valence electrons of ions/atoms at the interface might be heavily underestimated in current theories, and possibly just those underestimated energies of non-valence electrons determined Hofmeister effects.
Hofmeister 效应持续挑战包罗万象的理论，其起源仍是一个争论的问题。我们在广泛的离子强度范围内观察到带恒定电荷表面上的 Ca2+/Na+交换的强烈 Hofmeister 效应。这些效应不能归因于色散力、经典诱导力、离子大小或水合作用。我们证明，在离子-表面相互作用中存在另一种更强的力，这种力通常会产生 Hofmeister 效应。这种力的强度高达经典诱导力的 10^4 倍，可与库仑力相媲美。库仑力、色散力和水合作用似乎交织在一起影响这种力。观察到的强非经典诱导力的存在意味着，当前理论可能严重低估了界面处离子/原子非价电子的能量，而可能正是这些被低估的非价电子能量决定了 Hofmeister 效应。
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