Fakhari Ali, Mohammadpoorasl Asghar, Nedjat Saharnaz, Sharif Hosseini Mohammad, Fotouhi Akbar
Clinical Psychiatry Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
Am J Mens Health. 2015 May;9(3):186-92. doi: 10.1177/1557988314535236. Epub 2014 May 22.
Hookah smoking has increased worldwide, especially among youth, and has been identified as an emerging threat to public health. The aim of the present study was to estimate the prevalence and transition rates in hookah smoking statuses and predictors of transitions among a representative sample of Iranian high school students. In this longitudinal study, a representative sample (n = 5197) of students in the northwest of Iran was assessed thrice with a 6-month interval in 2010 and 2011. A self-administered questionnaire was used to measure hookah smoking, demographic characteristics, and personal and environmental factors. In total, the prevalence of hookah use (at least once a month) in this study was 6.0% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 5.1, 6.9). Results indicated that 44.9% (95% CI = 43.0, 46.7) of the students in the sample at least tried hookah smoking. During 1 year, 18.5% and 1.5% of students who have never used hookah before had transitioned to experimenter and regular hookah smoking, respectively, and notably, 7.8% of experimenters had transitioned to regular hookah smoking. Adjusted for other factors, being male, regular cigarette smoking, and positive attitude toward smoking were factors associated with students' transition to hookah smoking status. The incidence rate of hookah smoking in adolescents is notable. The findings identified the co-occurrence of risky behaviors that support programs aimed at reducing or preventing high-risk behaviors simultaneously.
水烟吸食在全球范围内呈上升趋势，尤其是在年轻人中，并且已被认定为对公众健康的一种新威胁。本研究的目的是估计伊朗高中生代表性样本中水烟吸食状况的患病率和转变率以及转变的预测因素。在这项纵向研究中，2010年和2011年对伊朗西北部学生的一个代表性样本（n = 5197）每隔6个月进行了三次评估。使用一份自填式问卷来测量水烟吸食情况、人口统计学特征以及个人和环境因素。在本研究中，水烟使用（每月至少一次）的患病率为6.0%（95%置信区间[CI] = 5.1, 6.9）。结果表明，样本中有44.9%（95% CI = 43.0, 46.7）的学生至少尝试过吸食水烟。在1年时间里，之前从未使用过水烟的学生中分别有18.5%和1.5%转变为尝试者和经常吸食水烟者，值得注意的是，7.8%的尝试者转变为经常吸食水烟者。在对其他因素进行调整后，男性、经常吸烟以及对吸烟持积极态度是与学生转变为水烟吸食状况相关的因素。青少年水烟吸食的发生率值得关注。研究结果确定了支持旨在同时减少或预防高危行为的项目的危险行为的共同发生情况。
