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[经济危机背景下的环境风险趋势。西班牙公共卫生与分析科学研究所2014年报告]

[Trends in environmental risks in the context of the economic crisis. SESPAS report 2014].

作者信息

Ballester Ferran, Llop Sabrina, Querol Xavier, Esplugues Ana

机构信息

Departamento de Enfermería, Universitat de València, València, España; Área de Investigación en Ambiente y Salud, Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunitat Valenciana (FISABIO)-Salud Pública, València, España; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), España.

Área de Investigación en Ambiente y Salud, Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunitat Valenciana (FISABIO)-Salud Pública, València, España; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), España.

出版信息

Gac Sanit. 2014 Jun;28 Suppl 1:51-7. doi: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2014.03.004.

Abstract

This article aims to analyze the impact of the economic and financial crisis on environmental determinants of health. The World Health Organization estimates that between 13% and 27% of the disease burden in countries could be prevented by improving the environment. These effects are larger in vulnerable populations, especially among the poorest. In the last decade, outdoor air pollution (the most significant environmental health risk in most European countries) has declined, mostly due to the European policy of reducing emissions and to the decrease in activity following the economic crisis. During the last few years, this improvement in air quality has occurred simultaneously with a reduction in investment in environmental protection and could therefore be offset in the medium-term. The economic crisis has not reduced the trend for higher temperatures in Spain and Europe because climate change is a global phenomenon that is not directly related to local emissions. To reduce the risk of an increase in the health impact of environmental factors, certain key aspects should be considered, such as the need to maintain or develop adequate monitoring and control systems and the opportunity to implement policies that help improve the quality of the environment and reduce the vulnerability of different population groups in a cross-disciplinary framework of transparency and citizen participation.

摘要

本文旨在分析经济和金融危机对健康环境决定因素的影响。世界卫生组织估计,通过改善环境,各国13%至27%的疾病负担可得到预防。这些影响在弱势群体中更大,尤其是最贫困人群。在过去十年中,室外空气污染(大多数欧洲国家最主要的环境健康风险)有所下降,这主要归功于欧洲的减排政策以及经济危机后活动的减少。在过去几年中,空气质量的改善与环境保护投资的减少同时出现,因此从中期来看可能会被抵消。经济危机并未改变西班牙和欧洲气温上升的趋势,因为气候变化是一种全球现象,与当地排放没有直接关系。为降低环境因素对健康影响增加的风险,应考虑某些关键方面,比如需要维持或建立适当的监测和控制系统,以及在透明和公民参与的跨学科框架内实施有助于改善环境质量和降低不同人群脆弱性的政策的机会。

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