Gattefossé S.A.S., 36 chemin de Genas, 69804 Saint-Priest cedex, France.
Université Bordeaux Segalen, LTPIB UFR Pharmacie, 146 rue Leo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux cedex, France.
Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2014 Jun;73:34-49. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2014.05.012. Epub 2014 May 25.
The rectal route can be considered a good alternative to the oral route for the paediatric population because these dosage forms are neither to be swallowed nor need to be taste-masked. Rectal forms can also be administered in an emergency to unconscious or vomiting children. Their manufacturing cost is low with excipients generally regarded as safe. Some new formulation strategies, including mucoadhesive gels and suppositories, were introduced to increase patient acceptability. Even if recent paediatric clinical studies have demonstrated the equivalence of the rectal route with others, in order to enable the use of this promising route for the treatment of children in the 21st Century, some effort should be focused on informing and educating parents and care givers. This review is the first ever to address all the aforementioned items, and to list all drugs used in paediatric rectal forms in literature and marketed products in developed countries.
直肠给药途径可以被认为是儿科人群的口服途径的良好替代，因为这些剂型既不需要吞咽也不需要进行掩味处理。直肠剂型也可以在紧急情况下给予昏迷或呕吐的儿童使用。它们的制造成本低，辅料通常被认为是安全的。一些新的制剂策略，包括黏膜黏附凝胶和栓剂，被引入以提高患者的接受度。即使最近的儿科临床研究已经证明了直肠途径与其他途径的等效性，但为了使这种有前途的途径能够在 21 世纪用于治疗儿童，应该努力让家长和护理人员知情并接受教育。这是第一篇综述，涵盖了上述所有内容，并列出了文献中用于儿科直肠制剂的所有药物和发达国家已上市的产品。
