Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China.
Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2014 Aug 15;490:501-8. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.05.009. Epub 2014 May 27.
In this paper we investigate a severe pollution episode that occurred in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region in January 2013. The episode was caused by the combination of anthropogenic emissions and unusual atmospheric circulation, the depression of strong cold air activities and the very unfavorable dispersion. The episode contained three haze events (haze1: Jan. 4-9, haze2: Jan. 10-13, and haze3: Jan. 14-16). In Nanjing, aerosol size distributions from 10nm to 10 μm and chemical components of single particles from 0.2 to 2 μm were measured with a Wide Range Particle Spectrometer (WPS) and a Single Particle Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (SPAMS), respectively. The results indicate that the mean PM2.5 concentrations in the YRD region were greater than 110 μg·m(-3). The highest PM2.5 concentration of 175.6 μg·m(-3) occurred in Nanjing; the other cities had values in the range of 110.8-147.3 μg·m(-3). The average PM2.5 concentrations were 58.3, 122.7, 145.4 and 154.7 μg·m(-3) on clean and haze1, haze2 and haze3 days, respectively. The highest PM2.5 values of 416.5, 415.5 and 300.5 μg·m(-3) in Nanjing occurred during the three haze events. The spectra of the aerosol number concentrations had unimodal distributions on clean and haze days. The maximum surface area peaks were located at 0.5-0.7 μm and had values of 419, 1397, 1309 and 1378 μm(2)·cm(-3)·nm(-1) on clean and haze1, haze2 and haze3 days, respectively. The number concentrations of biomass/biofuel burning-containing particles (biomass), organic carbon-containing particles (OC), elemental carbon-containing particles (EC), nitrate-containing particles (nitrate) and sulfate-containing particles (sulfate) increased significantly during the haze events. The chemical components of the aerosols during the haze1 and haze2 events were similar to those on clean days, and variations were caused by local particle accumulations under poor diffusion conditions. The high EC particle concentration of 24.76% during the haze3 event was impacted by the pollutants transported from surrounding cities. In addition, the different chemical components showed distinct size distributions.
本文研究了 2013 年 1 月发生在长江三角洲（YRD）地区的一次严重污染事件。该事件是人为排放物与异常大气环流共同作用的结果，强冷空气活动减弱和非常不利的扩散条件也是导致此次事件的原因。该事件包含三次雾霾事件（雾霾 1：1 月 4-9 日、雾霾 2：1 月 10-13 日和雾霾 3：1 月 14-16 日）。在南京，使用宽范围粒子光谱仪（WPS）和单粒子气溶胶质谱仪（SPAMS）分别测量了 10nm 至 10μm 的气溶胶粒径分布和 0.2 至 2μm 的单粒子化学组分。结果表明，YRD 地区的 PM2.5 浓度平均值大于 110μg·m(-3)。PM2.5 浓度最高的是南京，为 175.6μg·m(-3)；其他城市的浓度在 110.8-147.3μg·m(-3)之间。清洁日、雾霾 1 日、雾霾 2 日和雾霾 3 日的 PM2.5 浓度平均值分别为 58.3、122.7、145.4 和 154.7μg·m(-3)。南京三次雾霾事件中 PM2.5 浓度的最高值分别为 416.5、415.5 和 300.5μg·m(-3)。清洁日和雾霾日的气溶胶数浓度谱呈单峰分布。最大表面积峰位于 0.5-0.7μm，清洁日、雾霾 1 日、雾霾 2 日和雾霾 3 日的表面积峰值分别为 419、1397、1309 和 1378μm(2)·cm(-3)·nm(-1)。生物质/生物燃料燃烧含颗粒（生物质）、含碳有机颗粒（OC）、含碳元素颗粒（EC）、含硝酸盐颗粒（硝酸盐）和含硫酸盐颗粒（硫酸盐）的数浓度在雾霾事件中显著增加。雾霾 1 日和雾霾 2 日期间的气溶胶化学组成与清洁日相似，只是在扩散条件较差的情况下，局地粒子积累导致了变化。雾霾 3 日 EC 粒子浓度高，达到 24.76%，这是由于污染物从周边城市输送而来。此外，不同的化学组分呈现出不同的粒径分布。
