University of Fribourg, Department of Biology, Chemin du Musée 10, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland. Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, 8000 C Aarhus, Denmark.
Laboratoire Ecologie des Systèmes Marins Côtiers UMR 5119, CNRS, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer, UM2, UM1, cc 093, Place E. Bataillon, FR-34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
Science. 2014 May 30;344(6187):1016-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1249853.
The most prominent pattern in global marine biogeography is the biodiversity peak in the Indo-Australian Archipelago. Yet the processes that underpin this pattern are still actively debated. By reconstructing global marine paleoenvironments over the past 3 million years on the basis of sediment cores, we assessed the extent to which Quaternary climate fluctuations can explain global variation in current reef fish richness. Comparing global historical coral reef habitat availability with the present-day distribution of 6316 reef fish species, we find that distance from stable coral reef habitats during historical periods of habitat loss explains 62% of the variation in fish richness, outweighing present-day environmental factors. Our results highlight the importance of habitat persistence during periods of climate change for preserving marine biodiversity.
全球海洋生物地理学中最显著的模式是印度-澳大利亚群岛的生物多样性峰值。然而，支撑这种模式的过程仍在激烈争论中。通过在过去 300 万年的基础上重建基于沉积物核心的全球海洋古环境，我们评估了第四纪气候变化在多大程度上可以解释当前珊瑚礁鱼类丰富度的全球变化。将全球历史上珊瑚礁生境的可利用性与 6316 种珊瑚礁鱼类的现代分布进行比较，我们发现，在历史上生境丧失期间，距离稳定的珊瑚礁生境的距离可以解释鱼类丰富度变化的 62%，超过了当今的环境因素。我们的研究结果强调了在气候变化期间保持栖息地持久性对于保护海洋生物多样性的重要性。
