Ben Ameur Salma, Aloulou Hajer, Sfaihi Lamia, Yaich S, Mnif Zeineb, Kamoun Thouraya, Hachicha Mongia
Tunis Med. 2014 Jan;92(1):24-8.
Epilepsy is a chronic disease, often with an onset during childhood and characterized by spontaneous and recurrent seizures. It concerns 0.5-1% of children under 16 years of age. Being much more sensitive than computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging is the technique of choice to identify an underlying cause. CT scan is used in emergency situations.
To describe cerebral lesions in epilepetic children and to identify predicative factors of abnormal neuroimaging.
Authors present a retrospective descriptive study of Neuroimaging data of 140 epileptic children evaluated for a period from 2000-2007 in the paediatric departement of Sfax.
The mean age at onset of seizures was 3 years. The sex ratio was 1.12. Psychomotor retardation was noted in 75 patients. The seizures were generalized in 75% of case. Neurological examination was abnormal in 73 cases (52%). The main indications for conducting a brain imaging were psychomotor retardation (65 cases) and focal onset seizures (25 cases). Anoxo-ischemic lesions were the most frequent cerebral anomalies followed by brain malformations. Predictors of pathological MRI were an age at onset of seizure <3 years, psychomotor retardation and abnormal neurological examination.
The morphological imaging is recommended for recent seizures of the child with the exception of idiopathic epilepsies. MRI is the best imaging modality in exploration of epilepsy in this context.
癫痫是一种慢性疾病，通常在儿童期发病，其特征为自发性和复发性癫痫发作。16岁以下儿童中癫痫的患病率为0.5%-1%。磁共振成像比计算机断层扫描更为敏感，是识别潜在病因的首选技术。计算机断层扫描用于紧急情况。
描述癫痫儿童的脑损伤情况，并确定神经影像学异常的预测因素。
作者对2000年至2007年期间在斯法克斯儿科评估的140例癫痫儿童的神经影像学数据进行了回顾性描述性研究。
癫痫发作的平均起始年龄为3岁。男女比例为1.12。75例患者存在精神运动发育迟缓。75%的病例癫痫发作呈全身性。73例（52%）神经学检查异常。进行脑部成像的主要指征是精神运动发育迟缓（65例）和局灶性发作（25例）。缺氧缺血性病变是最常见的脑异常，其次是脑畸形。MRI异常的预测因素为癫痫发作起始年龄<3岁、精神运动发育迟缓和神经学检查异常。
除特发性癫痫外，对于近期发作的儿童建议进行形态学成像。在这种情况下，MRI是探索癫痫的最佳成像方式。
