Ashworth Michelle T, Daud Adil I
Hematology/Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Avenue, M1286 MS1270, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
Melanoma Clinical Research, UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1600 Divisadero Street, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA.
Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. 2014 Jun;28(3):601-12. doi: 10.1016/j.hoc.2014.03.002.
There are multiple effective and well-tolerated systemic therapy treatments for the treatment of advanced melanoma, as well as new immunotherapy and targeted therapy agents in clinical trials. Traditional cytotoxic chemotherapy and targeted BRAF inhibitors can increase antigen presentation and can rebalance the intratumoral immune milieu. The combination of pulsed cytotoxic therapy and immunotherapy is a logical next step in designing treatment regimens. Combination radiotherapy and immunotherapy also has experimental and clinical support. The standard of care for patients with advanced melanoma remains participation in clinical trials in order to enhance understanding of the effectiveness and toxicities of combination regimens.
对于晚期黑色素瘤的治疗，有多种有效的且耐受性良好的全身治疗方法，同时还有新的免疫疗法和靶向治疗药物正处于临床试验阶段。传统的细胞毒性化疗和靶向BRAF抑制剂可增加抗原呈递，并能重新平衡肿瘤内免疫微环境。脉冲细胞毒性疗法与免疫疗法联合是设计治疗方案的合理下一步。联合放疗与免疫疗法也有实验和临床依据。晚期黑色素瘤患者的标准治疗仍是参与临床试验，以增进对联合治疗方案有效性和毒性的了解。
