Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kawaharacho 54, Shogoin, Sakyoku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
BMC Neurosci. 2014 May 22;15:66. doi: 10.1186/1471-2202-15-66.
Notch signaling plays a crucial role in the fate determination of cochlear progenitor cells, hair cells, and supporting cells in the developing cochlea. Recent studies have demonstrated the temporal activation of Notch signaling in damaged mature cochleae, and have demonstrated the induction of new hair cells by pharmacologically inhibiting Notch signaling. The present study aimed to illustrate the feasibility of pharmacologically inhibiting Notch signaling by using a gamma-secretase inhibitor for treating sensorineural hearing loss.
The effect of the sustained local delivery of MDL28170, a gamma-secretase inhibitor, on hearing and hair cell induction was tested in a guinea pig model with noise-induced hearing loss. MDL28170 was directly delivered into the cochlear fluids via a micro-osmotic pump. Drug application was initiated 7 days after noise exposure. Measurements of auditory brainstem responses revealed better hearing in the MDL28170-treated animals than in the vehicle controls. Histological analysis demonstrated a higher number of outer hair cells in the MDL28170-treated cochleae than the vehicle-treated cochleae.
These findings strongly suggest that local sustained delivery of a gamma-secretase inhibitor into the cochlea could be a novel strategy for treating acute hearing loss that is refractory to conventional treatment.
Notch 信号通路在耳蜗祖细胞、毛细胞和支持细胞的命运决定中发挥着关键作用。最近的研究表明,Notch 信号通路在受损成熟耳蜗中有时间激活,并通过药理学抑制 Notch 信号通路诱导新的毛细胞。本研究旨在通过使用γ-分泌酶抑制剂来治疗感觉神经性听力损失,说明通过药理学抑制 Notch 信号通路的可行性。
在噪声诱导听力损失的豚鼠模型中,通过微渗透泵将γ-分泌酶抑制剂 MDL28170 持续局部递送至耳蜗液中,以测试其对听力和毛细胞诱导的影响。药物应用于噪声暴露后 7 天开始。听性脑干反应测量显示,MDL28170 处理组的听力优于载体对照组。组织学分析表明,MDL28170 处理组的外毛细胞数量高于载体处理组。
这些发现强烈表明,将γ-分泌酶抑制剂局部持续递送至耳蜗可能是治疗常规治疗无效的急性听力损失的一种新策略。