Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455-0331, United States.
Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455-0331, United States.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2014 Jul 15;84(1-2):155-63. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.05.018. Epub 2014 Jun 2.
The dispersion effectiveness of dispersants containing Tween 80, Span 80, and dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate (DOSS) was characterized using a modified Swirling Flask test, and was correlated with both initial and dynamic interfacial tension produced by those dispersants at an oil-water interface. Compositional trends in effectiveness were shown to be governed by: (1) initial oil-water interfacial tension observed upon dispersant-oil-saltwater contact; (2) rate of increase (or decrease) from the initial interfacial tension as DOSS was rapidly lost to the aqueous phase; and (3) gradually slowing kinetics of dispersant adsorption to the oil-water interface as Span 80 concentration was increased, which ultimately diminished dispersion effectiveness considerably even as dynamic interfacial tension remained <10(-3) mN/m. It is proposed that this third phenomenon results not only from the hydrophobicity of Span 80, but also from the dependence of mixed Tween-Span-DOSS reverse micelles' stability in crude oil on dispersant composition.
采用改良的旋流瓶试验来表征含有吐温 80、司盘 80 和二辛基琥珀酸磺酸钠（DOSS）的分散剂的分散效果，并将其与这些分散剂在油水界面产生的初始和动态界面张力相关联。有效性的组成趋势受以下因素控制：（1）分散剂-油-盐水接触时观察到的初始油-水界面张力；（2）随着 DOSS 迅速向水相损失，界面张力从初始界面张力增加（或减少）的速率；以及（3）随着司盘 80 浓度的增加，分散剂吸附到油水界面的动力学逐渐减慢，尽管动态界面张力仍保持在 <10(-3) mN/m，但这最终大大降低了分散效果。据提议，第三个现象不仅源于司盘 80 的疏水性，还源于混合吐温-司盘-DOSS 反胶束在原油中的稳定性对分散剂组成的依赖性。
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