Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci. 2014 Jul 13;372(2019):20130269. doi: 10.1098/rsta.2013.0269.
Changes in the ventilation of the southern oceans over the past few decades are examined using ocean measurements of CFC-12 and model simulations. Analysis of CFC-12 measurements made between the late 1980s and late 2000s reveal large-scale coherent changes in the ventilation, with a decrease in the age of subtropical Subantarctic Mode Waters (SAMW) and an increase in the age of Circumpolar Deep Waters. The decrease in SAMW age is consistent with the observed increase in wind stress curl and strength of the subtropical gyres over the same period. A decrease in the age of SAMW is also found in Community Climate System Model version 4 perturbation experiments where the zonal wind stress is increased. This decrease is due to both more rapid transport along isopycnals and the movement of the isopycnals. These results indicate that the intensification of surface winds in the Southern Hemisphere has caused large-scale coherent changes in the ventilation of the southern oceans.
利用海洋测量的 CFC-12 和模型模拟，研究了过去几十年南大洋通风的变化。对 20 世纪 80 年代末至 2000 年代末期间进行的 CFC-12 测量分析显示，通风呈现出大规模的相干变化，亚热带亚南极模态水的年龄减小，而环极深海水的年龄增加。SAMW 年龄的减小与同期观测到的副热带环流中风应力卷曲和强度的增加是一致的。在模式中增加纬向风应力的群落气候系统模型版本 4 摄动实验中也发现了 SAMW 年龄的减小。这种减少是由于等密度面的输送速度加快和等密度面的移动。这些结果表明，南半球地表风的加强导致了南大洋通风的大规模相干变化。
