Keogh Justin W, Rice John, Taylor Denise, Kilding Andrew
Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Robina, Queensland 4229, Australia.
School of Sport and Recreation, AUT University, Auckland, New Zealand.
J Prim Health Care. 2014 Jun 1;6(2):114-22.
Most exercise studies for older adults have been university- or hospital-based. Little is known about the benefits and factors influencing long-term participation in community-based exercise programmes, especially in New Zealand.
To quantify the objective benefits, participant perceptions and retention rates of a New Zealand community-based exercise programme for adults (60 years or older).
Study 1 involved assessing the benefits of 12 weeks' training on a convenience sample of 62 older adults commencing the never2old Active Ageing programme. Study 2 assessed the perceptions of 150 current participants on a variety of programme components that could act as barriers or facilitators to continued engagement. Study 3 assessed the retention rates of 264 participants in the programme over a two-year period.
Significant improvements in many physical functional scores were observed in Study 1 (5-30 percentile points; p<0.05). Questionnaire responses from participants in Study 2 indicated many perceived benefits (positive responses from 67-95% on various questions) and that core components of the programme were rated very highly (64-99% on various components). Retention rates were high, with Study 3 finding 57% of participants still engaging in the programme at the end of the two-year period.
A community-based exercise programme for older adults can improve many objective and subjective measures of physical fitness and functional performance and have good retention rates. General practitioners and other allied health professionals in New Zealand should consider promoting programmes, such as the never2old Active Ageing programme, to their older patients.
大多数针对老年人的运动研究都是在大学或医院开展的。对于社区运动项目长期参与的益处及影响因素，人们了解甚少，尤其是在新西兰。
量化一项针对新西兰60岁及以上成年人的社区运动项目的客观益处、参与者认知及留存率。
研究1对62名开始参与“永不止步，活力老龄”项目的老年人进行便利抽样，评估12周训练的益处。研究2对150名现有参与者就可能成为持续参与障碍或促进因素的各种项目组成部分的认知进行评估。研究3评估了264名参与者在两年时间里参与该项目的留存率。
研究1中观察到许多身体功能评分有显著改善（提高了5 - 30个百分点；p<0.05）。研究2中参与者的问卷调查回复表明有许多感知到的益处（对各种问题的肯定回答率为67 - 95%），且该项目的核心组成部分得到了很高的评价（各组成部分的评价率为64 - 99%）。留存率很高，研究3发现两年结束时仍有57%的参与者继续参与该项目。
一项针对老年人的社区运动项目可以改善许多身体健康和功能表现的客观及主观指标，且留存率良好。新西兰的全科医生和其他相关健康专业人员应考虑向老年患者推广诸如“永不止步，活力老龄”这样的项目。
