Coughlin Janelle W, Smith Michael T
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland , USA.
Int Rev Psychiatry. 2014 Apr;26(2):177-88. doi: 10.3109/09540261.2014.911150.
Rates of obesity and sleep disturbances are substantial in adults. A number of cross-sectional, longitudinal, and experimental studies have found that insufficient sleep and possibly longer sleep are associated with obesity and related eating patterns. Methodological discrepancies and limitations in the literature create ambiguity about the nature and potential mechanisms underlying these relationships. Insomnia and circadian patterns in eating and sleeping have also been examined in relation to weight. Although these studies are not as extensive as those examining sleep duration, the extant literature suggests possible associations between obesity and both insomnia (particularly when combined with short sleep duration) and circadian eating behaviours. However, research has only just begun to examine the benefits of combining sleep interventions with obesity treatment. The goal of the current review is to summarize research examining behavioural sleep patterns and disorders in relation to obesity, to discuss methodological considerations, and to provide an overview of studies examining whether addressing sleep disturbances can augment weight loss treatment effects. We conclude that future studies are needed that take into account sleep duration, sleep disorder co-morbidity, and chronobiology to explore the impact of sleep interventions on weight loss.
肥胖率和睡眠障碍在成年人中相当普遍。一些横断面研究、纵向研究和实验研究发现，睡眠不足以及可能较长的睡眠时间与肥胖及相关饮食模式有关。文献中的方法差异和局限性使得这些关系背后的本质和潜在机制存在模糊性。失眠以及饮食和睡眠的昼夜节律模式也与体重有关。尽管这些研究不如那些考察睡眠时间的研究广泛，但现有文献表明肥胖与失眠（特别是与短睡眠时间相结合时）和昼夜节律饮食行为之间可能存在关联。然而，关于将睡眠干预与肥胖治疗相结合的益处的研究才刚刚开始。本综述的目的是总结关于与肥胖相关的行为睡眠模式和障碍的研究，讨论方法学考量，并概述考察解决睡眠障碍是否能增强减肥治疗效果的研究。我们得出结论，未来需要开展考虑睡眠时间、睡眠障碍共病情况和生物钟学的研究，以探索睡眠干预对减肥的影响。
