Moeller Birte, Schächinger Hartmut, Frings Christian
Cognitive Psychology Unit, Institute of Psychology, Trier University;
Clinical Psychophysiology Unit, Institute of Psychobiology, Trier University.
J Vis Exp. 2014 May 14(87):51571. doi: 10.3791/51571.
Selection tasks in which simple stimuli (e.g. letters) are presented and a target stimulus has to be selected against one or more distractor stimuli are frequently used in the research on human action control. One important question in these settings is how distractor stimuli, competing with the target stimulus for a response, influence actions. The distractor-response binding paradigm can be used to investigate this influence. It is particular useful to separately analyze response retrieval and distractor inhibition effects. Computer-based experiments are used to collect the data (reaction times and error rates). In a number of sequentially presented pairs of stimulus arrays (prime-probe design), participants respond to targets while ignoring distractor stimuli. Importantly, the factors response relation in the arrays of each pair (repetition vs. change) and distractor relation (repetition vs. change) are varied orthogonally. The repetition of the same distractor then has a different effect depending on response relation (repetition vs. change) between arrays. This result pattern can be explained by response retrieval due to distractor repetition. In addition, distractor inhibition effects are indicated by a general advantage due to distractor repetition. The described paradigm has proven useful to determine relevant parameters for response retrieval effects on human action.
在人类动作控制研究中，经常使用这样的选择任务：呈现简单刺激（如字母），要求从一个或多个干扰刺激中选择目标刺激。在这些情境中，一个重要的问题是与目标刺激竞争反应的干扰刺激如何影响动作。干扰-反应绑定范式可用于研究这种影响。分别分析反应检索和干扰抑制效应特别有用。基于计算机的实验用于收集数据（反应时间和错误率）。在一系列顺序呈现的刺激阵列对（启动-探测设计）中，参与者对目标做出反应，同时忽略干扰刺激。重要的是，每对阵列中的反应关系（重复与变化）和干扰关系（重复与变化）这两个因素是正交变化的。相同干扰刺激的重复根据阵列之间的反应关系（重复与变化）会产生不同的效果。这种结果模式可以通过干扰刺激重复导致的反应检索来解释。此外，干扰抑制效应表现为干扰刺激重复带来的总体优势。所描述的范式已被证明有助于确定影响人类动作的反应检索效应的相关参数。
