Wesslein Ann-Katrin, Moeller Birte, Frings Christian, Giesen Carina
Department of Psychology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
Department of Psychology, University of Trier, Trier, Germany.
Atten Percept Psychophys. 2019 Apr;81(3):809-822. doi: 10.3758/s13414-018-01655-7.
The present study investigated the cognitive mechanisms underlying aftereffects of tactile target and distractor processing. In our experiment, participants selected tactile target stimuli against simultaneously presented tactile distractor stimuli in prime-probe sequences. Tactile distractors in each prime/probe trial were either response incompatible (i.e., interfering at the response level) or response neutral (i.e., noninterfering at the response level), manipulated between participants. Furthermore, distractor relation (repetition vs. change) and response relation (repetition vs. change) across prime-probe sequences were orthogonally varied within participants. Thus, independent estimates of distractor repetition main effects (that are attributable to distractor-specific prime processing and have previously been interpreted in terms of inhibition or episodic retrieval processes) and the modulation of distractor repetition effects due to response relation (that is target specific and can only be explained in terms of event-file retrieval) were assessed (see Giesen, Frings, & Rothermund, Memory & Cognition, 40, 373-387, 2012). Replicating previous studies with visual stimuli, simple distractor repetition effects were stronger for response-incompatible compared with response-neutral tactile distractors. In contrast, event-file retrieval as reflected in distractor-response binding retrieval effects was not modulated by whether the distractors were response incompatible or response neutral. Together, these findings highlight that in tactile tasks, prime-distractor and prime-target processing both hold the potential to cause aftereffects during probe performance.
本研究调查了触觉目标和干扰物加工后效背后的认知机制。在我们的实验中，参与者在启动-探测序列中针对同时呈现的触觉干扰物刺激选择触觉目标刺激。每个启动/探测试验中的触觉干扰物要么是反应不相容的（即在反应水平上产生干扰），要么是反应中性的（即在反应水平上不产生干扰），这在参与者之间进行操纵。此外，启动-探测序列中的干扰物关系（重复与变化）和反应关系（重复与变化）在参与者内部进行正交变化。因此，评估了干扰物重复主效应的独立估计值（这归因于特定干扰物的启动加工，并且先前已根据抑制或情景检索过程进行了解释）以及由于反应关系导致的干扰物重复效应的调节（这是目标特定的，并且只能根据事件文件检索来解释）（见吉森、弗林斯和罗特蒙德，《记忆与认知》，40，373 - 387，2012）。与之前使用视觉刺激的研究结果一致，与反应中性的触觉干扰物相比，反应不相容的触觉干扰物的简单干扰物重复效应更强。相比之下，干扰物-反应绑定检索效应所反映的事件文件检索并没有受到干扰物是反应不相容还是反应中性的调节。总之，这些发现突出表明，在触觉任务中，启动-干扰物和启动-目标加工在探测表现期间都有可能导致后效。
