Department of Psychology, The City College of the City University of New York, New York, NY, USA; The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.
Department of Psychology, The City College of the City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.
Psychiatry Res. 2014 Sep 30;219(1):114-21. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2014.05.020. Epub 2014 May 20.
Everyday discrimination contributes negatively to depressive symptomatology among Blacks in the US and being arrested could add to this depression. Using data from the National Survey on American Life, the present study determined the association between an arrest history and major depressive disorder (MDD), while accounting for discrimination among African Americans, US-born Afro-Caribbeans and first-generation Black immigrants. Findings from logistic regression analyses adjusted for discrimination suggested an arrest history is associated with 12-month MDD (Adjusted OR=1.47; 95% CI=1.02-2.10) and lifetime MDD (Adjusted OR=1.56 CI=1.17-2.09). Accounting for drug and alcohol dependence attenuated the association between arrest history and 12-month MDD, but not lifetime MDD. The associations between arrest history and both 12-month and lifetime MDD, and discrimination and lifetime MDD varied by ethnic/immigrant group. Specifically, while the association between arrest history and MDD (both 12-month and lifetime) was strongest among US-born Afro-Caribbeans, evidence consistent with the immigrant paradox, the association between discrimination and lifetime MDD was particularly relevant for first-generation Black immigrants, suggesting discrimination may hinder the protection of first-generation status. Mental health prevention and treatment programs should target the stress associated with being arrested and experiencing discrimination among US Blacks.
日常歧视对美国黑人群体的抑郁症状有负面影响，而被捕可能会加剧这种抑郁。本研究利用美国生活全国调查的数据，确定了被捕史与主要抑郁障碍（MDD）之间的关联，同时考虑到非裔美国人、美国出生的加勒比裔黑人和第一代黑人移民中的歧视因素。调整歧视因素的逻辑回归分析结果表明，被捕史与 12 个月 MDD（调整后的 OR=1.47；95%CI=1.02-2.10）和终身 MDD（调整后的 OR=1.56，CI=1.17-2.09）有关。考虑到药物和酒精依赖，会削弱被捕史与 12 个月 MDD 之间的关联，但不会削弱与终身 MDD 之间的关联。被捕史与 12 个月和终身 MDD 之间的关联，以及歧视与终身 MDD 之间的关联因族裔/移民群体而异。具体而言，虽然被捕史与 MDD（12 个月和终身）之间的关联在美出生的加勒比裔黑人中最强，但这与移民悖论一致，歧视与终身 MDD 之间的关联对第一代黑人移民尤为相关，这表明歧视可能会阻碍第一代移民地位的保护。心理健康预防和治疗计划应针对与被捕和非裔美国人经历歧视相关的压力。
