Lim Wei Ling Florence, Martins Ian James, Martins Ralph Nigel
School of Medical Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup 6027, Australia; Centre of Excellence in Alzheimer's Disease Research and Care, Joondalup 6027, Australia.
School of Medical Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup 6027, Australia; Centre of Excellence in Alzheimer's Disease Research and Care, Joondalup 6027, Australia; McCusker Foundation for Alzheimer's Disease Research Inc., Suite 22, Hollywood Medical Centre, Nedlands 6009, Australia; School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands 6009, Australia.
J Genet Genomics. 2014 May 20;41(5):261-74. doi: 10.1016/j.jgg.2014.04.003. Epub 2014 May 2.
It has been estimated that Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common form of dementia, will affect approximately 81 million individuals by 2040. To date, the actual cause and cascade of events in the progression of this disease have not been fully determined. Furthermore, there is currently no definitive blood test or simple diagnostic method for AD. Considerable efforts have been put into proteomic approaches to develop a diagnostic blood test, but to date these efforts have not been successful. More recently, there has been a stronger focus on lipidomic studies in the hope of increasing our understanding of the underlying mechanisms leading to AD and developing an AD blood test. It is well known that the strongest genetic risk factor for AD is the ε4 variant of apolipoprotein E (APOE). Evidence suggests that the ApoE protein, a major lipid transporter, plays a key role in the pathogenesis of AD, and its role in both normal and aberrant lipid metabolism warrants further extensive investigation. Here, we review ApoE-lipid interactions, as well as the roles that lipids may play in the pathogenesis of AD.
据估计，到2040年，最常见的痴呆形式——阿尔茨海默病（AD）将影响约8100万人。迄今为止，这种疾病进展过程中的实际病因和一系列事件尚未完全确定。此外，目前还没有针对AD的确定性血液检测或简单诊断方法。人们在蛋白质组学方法上投入了大量精力来开发诊断性血液检测，但迄今为止这些努力尚未成功。最近，人们更加关注脂质组学研究，希望增进我们对导致AD的潜在机制的理解，并开发出AD血液检测方法。众所周知，AD最强的遗传风险因素是载脂蛋白E（APOE）的ε4变体。有证据表明，ApoE蛋白作为一种主要的脂质转运蛋白，在AD的发病机制中起关键作用，其在正常和异常脂质代谢中的作用值得进一步深入研究。在此，我们综述ApoE与脂质的相互作用，以及脂质在AD发病机制中可能发挥的作用。
