Fukushima M, Kurihara K, Kurogome J, Inadama K, Yageta A, Shoji Y, Suzuki J, Watanabe I, Shiono M, Watanabe T
Nihon Shishubyo Gakkai Kaishi. 1989 Dec;31(4):1197-206. doi: 10.2329/perio.31.1197.
The purpose of this study (Report 5) was to investigate the effect of difference in the length of toothbrush shank and type of tip of toothbrush bristle on toothbrushing pressure and plaque removal in the scrubbing method. Four kinds of toothbrushes which were different in length of shank (30 mm, 40 mm) and type of bristle tip (round type, tapered type respectively) were used in this study. Referring to the results of our previous reports (1-4), the dimension of new toothbrushes were determined as follows, nylon bristles: 40 mm long and 0.20 mm in diameter, brushing surface: 30 mm long, bristles: 3 rows with 26 tufts, and a straight handle. Twelve subjects participated in this experiment. Plaque scores were measured before and after toothbrushing. Then plaque removal rates were calculated. Toothbrushing pressure was determined using Watanabe's method. The average toothbrushing pressure of the toothbrush with a 40 mm long shank (301.6 +/- 84.1 g/cm2) was higher than that with a 30 mm long shank (294.7 +/- 74.8 g/cm2), and that with a tapered bristle type (316.7 +/- 90.4 g/cm2) was higher than that with a round type bristle (279.6 +/- 61.7 g/cm2). However statistically significant differences were not found among the four toothbrushes in brushing pressure and in plaque removal on total teeth surfaces and on distal surfaces of the most posterior teeth (P less than 0.05; two-way ANOVA).
本研究（报告5）的目的是调查牙刷柄长度差异和牙刷刷毛尖端类型对刷牙方法中刷牙压力和牙菌斑清除效果的影响。本研究使用了四种牙刷，它们在柄长度（30毫米、40毫米）和刷毛尖端类型（分别为圆形、锥形）上有所不同。参照我们之前报告（1 - 4）的结果，新牙刷的尺寸确定如下：尼龙刷毛，长40毫米，直径0.20毫米；刷牙面，长30毫米；刷毛，3排，每排26簇；手柄为直柄。12名受试者参与了本实验。在刷牙前后测量牙菌斑评分，然后计算牙菌斑清除率。使用渡边法确定刷牙压力。柄长40毫米的牙刷的平均刷牙压力（301.6±84.1克/平方厘米）高于柄长30毫米的牙刷（294.7±74.8克/平方厘米），锥形刷毛类型的牙刷的平均刷牙压力（316.7±90.4克/平方厘米）高于圆形刷毛类型的牙刷（279.6±61.7克/平方厘米）。然而，在刷牙压力以及全牙表面和最后一颗牙齿远中面的牙菌斑清除方面，这四种牙刷之间未发现统计学上的显著差异（P＜0.05；双向方差分析）。
