Sasvári L
Department of General Zoology, Eötvös University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary.
Behav Processes. 1985 Aug;11(3):245-52. doi: 10.1016/0376-6357(85)90019-1.
Twenty-one individuals each of the species great tits (Parus major), blue tits (Parus caeruleus), marsh tits (Parus palustris), blackbirds (Turdus merula), songthrushes (Turdus philomelos), tree sparrows (Passer montanus) and house sparrows (Passer domesticus) were conditioned to a keypeck response by means of food reinforcement. The site where the reward was given was then changed. The number of reinforcements were then counted until the keypeck response followed immediately (within 10 seconds) on three successive occasions, and a comparison was made between species. Of the species studied the blackbird needed significantly fewer instances of reinforcement in order to re-establish an immediate keypeck response. A significant difference was also seen between the performance of the great tit and marsh tit, as well as between the blue tit and the marsh tit. No significant difference was found between the performance of the house sparrow and the tree sparrow.
21只大山雀（Parus major）、蓝山雀（Parus caeruleus）、沼泽山雀（Parus palustris）、乌鸫（Turdus merula）、歌鸫（Turdus philomelos）、树麻雀（Passer montanus）和家麻雀（Passer domesticus）通过食物强化被训练出啄键反应。然后改变给予奖励的位置。接着统计强化的次数，直到啄键反应在连续三次情况下立即（在10秒内）出现，并且对不同物种进行了比较。在所研究的物种中，乌鸫为重新建立立即啄键反应所需的强化次数明显更少。大山雀和沼泽山雀的表现之间，以及蓝山雀和沼泽山雀的表现之间也存在显著差异。家麻雀和树麻雀的表现之间未发现显著差异。
