爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒编码的小RNA(EBERs)存在于与EBV转化细胞释放的外泌体相关的组分中。

Epstein-Barr virus-encoded small RNAs (EBERs) are present in fractions related to exosomes released by EBV-transformed cells.

作者信息

Ahmed Waqar, Philip Pretty S, Tariq Saeed, Khan Gulfaraz

机构信息

Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Alin, United Arab Emirates.

Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Alin, United Arab Emirates.

出版信息

PLoS One. 2014 Jun 4;9(6):e99163. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099163. eCollection 2014.

Abstract

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is an oncogenic herpesvirus associated with a number of human malignancies of epithelial and lymphoid origin. However, the mechanism of oncogenesis is unclear. A number of viral products, including EBV latent proteins and non-protein coding RNAs have been implicated. Recently it was reported that EBV-encoded small RNAs (EBERs) are released from EBV infected cells and they can induce biological changes in cells via signaling from toll-like receptor 3. Here, we investigated if these abundantly expressed non-protein coding EBV RNAs (EBER-1 and EBER-2) are excreted from infected cells in exosomal fractions. Using differential ultracentrifugation we isolated exosomes from three EBV positive cell lines (B95-8, EBV-LCL, BL30-B95-8), one EBER-1 transfected cell line (293T-pHEBo-E1) and two EBV-negative cell lines (BL30, 293T-pHEBo). The identity of purified exosomes was determined by electron microscopy and western blotting for CD63. The presence of EBERs in cells, culture supernatants and purified exosomal fractions was determined using RT-PCR and confirmed by sequencing. Purified exosomal fractions were also tested for the presence of the EBER-1-binding protein La, using western blotting. Both EBER-1 and EBER-2 were found to be present not only in the culture supernatants, but also in the purified exosome fractions of all EBV-infected cell lines. EBER-1 could also be detected in exosomal fractions from EBER-1 transfected 293T cells whilst the fractions from vector only transfectants were clearly negative. Furthermore, purified exosomal fractions also contained the EBER-binding protein (La), supporting the notion that EBERs are most probably released from EBV infected cells in the form of EBER-La complex in exosomes.

摘要

爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒(EBV)是一种致癌性疱疹病毒,与多种上皮和淋巴来源的人类恶性肿瘤相关。然而,其致癌机制尚不清楚。许多病毒产物,包括EBV潜伏蛋白和非蛋白质编码RNA都被认为与此有关。最近有报道称,EBV编码的小RNA(EBERs)从EBV感染的细胞中释放出来,并且它们可以通过Toll样受体3发出的信号诱导细胞发生生物学变化。在此,我们研究了这些大量表达的非蛋白质编码EBV RNA(EBER-1和EBER-2)是否以细胞外囊泡的形式从感染细胞中排出。我们使用差速超速离心法从三种EBV阳性细胞系(B95-8、EBV-LCL、BL30-B95-8)、一种EBER-1转染细胞系(293T-pHEBo-E1)和两种EBV阴性细胞系(BL30、293T-pHEBo)中分离出细胞外囊泡。通过电子显微镜和针对CD63的蛋白质印迹法确定纯化的细胞外囊泡的身份。使用逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)确定细胞、培养上清液和纯化细胞外囊泡组分中EBERs的存在,并通过测序进行确认。还使用蛋白质印迹法检测纯化的细胞外囊泡组分中是否存在EBER-1结合蛋白La。结果发现,EBER-1和EBER-2不仅存在于培养上清液中,也存在于所有EBV感染细胞系的纯化细胞外囊泡组分中。在EBER-1转染的293T细胞的细胞外囊泡组分中也能检测到EBER-1,而仅转染载体的细胞的组分则明显为阴性。此外,纯化的细胞外囊泡组分中还含有EBER结合蛋白(La),这支持了EBERs很可能以EBER-La复合物的形式在细胞外囊泡中从EBV感染细胞释放出来的观点。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1e5b/4045842/85709b9de6a7/pone.0099163.g001.jpg

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