Marano Daniele, da Gama Silvana Granado Nogueira, Domingues Rosa Maria Soares Madeira, de Souza Junior Paulo Roberto Borges
Programa de Pós-Graduação de Epidemiologia em Saúde Pública, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Departamento de Métodos Quantitativos em Saúde, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Rev Bras Epidemiol. 2014 Jan-Mar;17(1):45-58. doi: 10.1590/1415-790x201400010005eng.
To assess the prevalence and potential factors associated with pre-pregnancy nutritional status of women.
This is a cross-sectional study carried out between December 2007 and November 2008 with 1,535 women in the first trimester of pregnancy and randomly selected in health units of the Brazilian public health system (SUS) in the municipalities of Queimados and Petrópolis in the State of Rio de Janeiro. The diagnosis of nutritional deviations was based on the Body Mass Index, according to the classification of the Institute of Medicine, and the following categories were obtained: underweight, normal weight, overweight and obesity. In the statistical analysis, the multinomial logistic regression model was used and an odds ratio and confidence interval of 95% were estimated.
The sample included women between 13 and 45 years. The prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity were 10, 18 and 11%, respectively. Women living in Queimados, adolescents, women who did not live with a partner and smokers had a higher proportion of low pre-pregnancy weight. There was an association between hypertension, overweight and obesity. Adolescents presented lower chance to overweight and obesity. Living in Queimados reduced the odds of overweight.
The proportion of pre-pregnancy nutritional deviations was high, and recognizing factors that lead to them is very important for an early identification of women at nutritional risk, with view to interventions to reduce the adverse effects of malnutrition on maternal and child health.
评估女性孕前营养状况的患病率及相关潜在因素。
这是一项横断面研究，于2007年12月至2008年11月期间开展，研究对象为1535名处于妊娠早期的女性，她们是从里约热内卢州奎马杜斯市和彼得罗波利斯市巴西公共卫生系统（SUS）的卫生单位中随机选取的。根据医学研究所的分类，基于体重指数对营养偏差进行诊断，得出以下类别：体重过轻、正常体重、超重和肥胖。在统计分析中，使用多项逻辑回归模型，并估计比值比和95%置信区间。
样本包括13至45岁的女性。体重过轻、超重和肥胖的患病率分别为10%、18%和11%。居住在奎马杜斯的女性、青少年、未与伴侣同住的女性和吸烟者孕前体重偏低的比例较高。高血压、超重和肥胖之间存在关联。青少年超重和肥胖的几率较低。居住在奎马杜斯会降低超重的几率。
孕前营养偏差的比例较高，识别导致这些偏差的因素对于早期识别有营养风险的女性非常重要，以便采取干预措施减少营养不良对母婴健康的不利影响。
