韩国成年人预期寿命的教育差异按年龄和死因分解。
Decomposition of educational differences in life expectancy by age and causes of death among South Korean adults.
作者信息
Jung-Choi Kyunghee, Khang Young-Ho, Cho Hong-Jun, Yun Sung-Cheol
机构信息
Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 388-1 Pungnap2-dong, Songpa-gu, Seoul 138-736, Korea.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2014 Jun 5;14:560. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-560.
BACKGROUND
Decomposition of socioeconomic inequalities in life expectancy by ages and causes allow us to better understand the nature of socioeconomic mortality inequalities and to suggest priority areas for policy and intervention. This study aimed to quantify age- and cause-specific contributions to socioeconomic differences in life expectancy at age 25 by educational level among South Korean adult men and women.
METHODS
We used National Death Registration records in 2005 (129,940 men and 106,188 women) and national census data in 2005 (15, 215, 523 men and 16,077,137 women aged 25 and over). Educational attainment as the indicator of socioeconomic position was categorized into elementary school graduation or less, middle or high school graduation, and college graduation or higher. Differences in life expectancy at age 25 by educational level were estimated by age- and cause-specific mortality differences using Arriaga's decomposition method.
RESULTS
Differences in life expectancy at age 25 between college or higher education and elementary or less education were 16.23 years in men and 7.69 years in women. Young adult groups aged 35-49 in men and aged 25-39 in women contributed substantially to the differences between college or higher education and elementary or less education in life expectancy. Suicide and liver disease were the most important causes of death contributing to the differences in life expectancy in young adult groups. For older age groups, cerebrovascular disease and lung cancer were important to explain educational differential in life expectancy at 25-29 between college or higher education and middle or higher education.
CONCLUSIONS
The contribution of the causes of death to socioeconomic inequality in life expectancy at age 25 in South Korea varied by age groups and differed by educational comparisons. The age specific contributions for different causes of death to life expectancy inequalities by educational attainment should be taken into account in establishing effective policy strategies to reduce socioeconomic inequalities in life expectancy.
背景
按年龄和死因分解预期寿命中的社会经济不平等，有助于我们更好地理解社会经济死亡率不平等的本质，并为政策制定和干预措施指明重点领域。本研究旨在量化韩国成年男性和女性中，按教育程度划分的25岁时预期寿命的社会经济差异在年龄和死因方面的具体影响。
方法
我们使用了2005年的国家死亡登记记录（男性129,940例，女性106,188例）以及2005年的全国人口普查数据（年龄在25岁及以上的男性15,215,523例，女性16,077,137例）。作为社会经济地位指标的受教育程度被分为小学毕业及以下、初中或高中毕业、大学毕业及以上。使用阿里亚加分解法，通过年龄和死因别死亡率差异来估计25岁时按教育程度划分的预期寿命差异。
结果
大学及以上学历与小学及以下学历人群在25岁时的预期寿命差异，男性为16.23岁，女性为7.69岁。男性35 - 49岁的青年成年组以及女性25 - 39岁的青年成年组，对大学及以上学历与小学及以下学历人群在预期寿命上的差异贡献显著。自杀和肝病是导致青年成年组预期寿命差异最重要的死因。对于老年组，脑血管疾病和肺癌对于解释大学及以上学历与初中及以上学历人群在25 - 29岁时预期寿命的教育差异很重要。
结论
韩国25岁时预期寿命的社会经济不平等中，死因的影响因年龄组而异，且在不同教育程度比较中也有所不同。在制定有效政策策略以减少预期寿命方面的社会经济不平等时，应考虑不同死因按年龄对预期寿命不平等的具体影响。
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