Pennay Amy, Lubman Dan I, Frei Matthew
BA (Hons), PhD, Postdoctoral Research Fellow, Centre for Health & Society, School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne & Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, Turning Point, Eastern Health, Melbourne, VIC.
Aust Fam Physician. 2014 Jun;43(6):356-61.
Alcohol is Australia's most socially acceptable legal drug; however alcohol-related harms have increased significantly over time. Encouraging safer levels of alcohol consumption should be a national health priority and a key focus for health practitioners.
The purpose of this paper is to discuss some of the reasons that alcohol is such a popular and valued commodity in Australia, as well as some of the common problems caused by alcohol. We outline the most effective policy and treatment approaches to reduce alcohol consumption and related harms.
Research evidence suggests that the most effective policies for reducing alcohol consumption and related harms are those focused on restricting its availability and accessibility; however, such strategies are often not implemented or enforced for political and economic reasons. Undertaking screening and brief intervention are effective ways of addressing problematic alcohol consumption within primary care and can be further supported through promoting community-organised periods of abstinence.
酒精是澳大利亚社会接受度最高的合法药物；然而，随着时间的推移，与酒精相关的危害显著增加。鼓励更安全的酒精消费水平应成为国家卫生工作的重点，也是健康从业者的关键关注点。
本文旨在探讨酒精在澳大利亚如此受欢迎且被重视的一些原因，以及酒精引发的一些常见问题。我们概述了减少酒精消费及相关危害的最有效政策和治疗方法。
研究证据表明，减少酒精消费及相关危害的最有效政策是那些侧重于限制其可得性和可及性的政策；然而，由于政治和经济原因，此类策略往往未得到实施或执行。进行筛查和简短干预是在初级保健中解决有问题的酒精消费的有效方法，并且可以通过促进社区组织的戒酒期得到进一步支持。
