Zamani Samin, Nasiri Mohammad Javad, Khoshgnab Behshad Noorazar, Ashrafi Abbas, Abdollahi Alireza
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Pathology, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Acta Med Iran. 2014;52(3):182-6.
Antimicrobial resistance in pathogens not only in hospitals but also in the community has become an important public health problem. The aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial resistance patterns of predominant pathogens from hospitalized and outpatients in a university hospital in Tehran, Iran. A total of 820 samples of common Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria were collected from a major referral and teaching hospital affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences in Iran during April 2010 to February 2011. The pattern of antibiotic resistance was determined by disk diffusion test as recommended by the Clinical Laboratory and Standards Institute (CLSI). Gram-negative bacilli were the most isolated pathogens. Acinetobacter spp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) was the most antibiotic-resistant pathogens. Imipenem and piperacillin/tazobactam were the most active antimicrobials against gram-negative bacilli whereas vancomycin was the antimicrobial agent most consistently active against the Gram-positive cocci. Community-acquired organisms were more susceptible to antimicrobial drugs tested than nosocomial isolates. The rates of antibiotic resistance among isolated pathogens in this study were approximately similar to other studies. However, high rates of antibiotic resistance among Acinetobacter spp and P. aeruginosa, the most isolated pathogens, indicating that antibiotic policy is urgently needed to prevent the resistance development ago.
不仅在医院而且在社区中，病原体的抗菌耐药性已成为一个重要的公共卫生问题。本研究的目的是确定伊朗德黑兰一家大学医院住院患者和门诊患者中主要病原体的抗菌耐药模式。2010年4月至2011年2月期间，从伊朗德黑兰医科大学附属的一家主要转诊和教学医院收集了总共820份常见革兰氏阴性和革兰氏阳性细菌样本。按照临床实验室和标准协会（CLSI）的建议，通过纸片扩散法确定抗生素耐药模式。革兰氏阴性杆菌是最常分离出的病原体。不动杆菌属和铜绿假单胞菌是耐药性最强的病原体。亚胺培南和哌拉西林/他唑巴坦是对革兰氏阴性杆菌最有效的抗菌药物，而万古霉素是对革兰氏阳性球菌最具持续活性的抗菌药物。社区获得性微生物比医院分离株对所测试的抗菌药物更敏感。本研究中分离出的病原体的抗生素耐药率与其他研究大致相似。然而，最常分离出的病原体不动杆菌属和铜绿假单胞菌的抗生素耐药率很高，这表明迫切需要制定抗生素政策以防止耐药性的发展。
