Gil Vanessa, Nocentini Sara, Del Río José A
Molecular and Cellular Neurobiotechnology, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Parc Científic de Barcelona Barcelona, Spain ; Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona Barcelona, Spain ; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas Barcelona, Spain.
Front Neuroanat. 2014 May 27;8:32. doi: 10.3389/fnana.2014.00032. eCollection 2014.
Santiago Ramón y Cajal developed a great body of scientific research during the last decade of 19th century, mainly between 1888 and 1892, when he published more than 30 manuscripts. The neuronal theory, the structure of dendrites and spines, and fine microscopic descriptions of numerous neural circuits are among these studies. In addition, numerous cell types (neuronal and glial) were described by Ramón y Cajal during this time using this "reazione nera" or Golgi method. Among these neurons were the special cells of the molecular layer of the neocortex. These cells were also termed Cajal cells or Retzius cells by other colleagues. Today these cells are known as Cajal-Retzius cells. From the earliest description, several biological aspects of these fascinating cells have been analyzed (e.g., cell morphology, physiological properties, origin and cellular fate, putative function during cortical development, etc). In this review we will summarize in a temporal basis the emerging knowledge concerning this cell population with specific attention the pioneer studies of Santiago Ramón y Cajal.
圣地亚哥·拉蒙·卡哈尔在19世纪的最后十年，主要是1888年至1892年间开展了大量科学研究，期间他发表了30多篇手稿。这些研究包括神经元理论、树突和棘突的结构，以及对众多神经回路的精细微观描述。此外，拉蒙·卡哈尔在这段时间里使用这种“黑色反应”或高尔基方法描述了众多细胞类型（神经元和神经胶质细胞）。这些神经元中包括新皮质分子层的特殊细胞。其他同事也将这些细胞称为卡哈尔细胞或雷丘斯细胞。如今这些细胞被称为卡哈尔-雷丘斯细胞。从最早的描述开始，就对这些迷人细胞的几个生物学方面进行了分析（例如，细胞形态、生理特性、起源和细胞命运、在皮质发育过程中的假定功能等）。在这篇综述中，我们将按时间顺序总结关于这一细胞群体的新出现的知识，并特别关注圣地亚哥·拉蒙·卡哈尔的开创性研究。
