Amin Mohamed E K, Chewning Betty
School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705-2222, USA; Sonderegger Research Center, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705-2222, USA.
School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705-2222, USA; Sonderegger Research Center, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705-2222, USA.
Res Social Adm Pharm. 2015 Jan-Feb;11(1):e1-e15. doi: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2014.04.004. Epub 2014 Apr 29.
During Ramadan, many Muslim patients may choose to abstain from food, drink and oral medications from dawn to sunset.
This study explored the utility of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) model in predicting community pharmacists' Medication Regimen Adjustment (MRA) behavior for patients during Ramadan.
A sample of pharmacists was drawn from a recent list of community pharmacies in the Alexandria governorate. A cross-sectional, self-administered survey was completed by community pharmacists to determine their attitudes and behaviors regarding adjustment of medication regimens around Ramadan. Multiple linear regression was used to predict MRA as a function of the TPB constructs and four other factors - "pharmacist initiation of the conversation on MRA," "number of hours worked," "age," and "religion" of pharmacist.
Two hundred seventy-seven (92.9%) of the 298 approached pharmacists participated. While 94.2% reported performing one or more kinds of MRA around Ramadan for at least one patient, the majority of these were for a small percentage of patients. The most common MRA was changing the frequency of taking the medication followed by the dose of the medication, the dosage form of the medication and the medication itself. Statistically significant predictors of MRA in the final model included patient social pressure (PSP) (β = 0.274, P < 0.001), pharmacist perceived behavioral capability (PBC) (β = 0.217, P < 0.001), pharmacist perceived patient benefit (PPB) (β = 0.207, P = 0.001), initiating communication (β = 0.167, P = 0.001) and the number of working hours (β = 0.145, P = 0.005).
The TPB appears to have utility in predicting pharmacists' MRA behavior. Pharmacists may be open to a larger MRA role than they are currently performing. There is a need to prepare pharmacists who are frequently requested to adjust patients' medication regimens to make sure they provide a safe transition for fasting patients into and out of Ramadan.
在斋月期间，许多穆斯林患者可能会选择从黎明到日落禁食、禁饮并停用口服药物。
本研究探讨计划行为理论（TPB）模型在预测社区药剂师针对斋月期间患者的药物治疗方案调整（MRA）行为方面的效用。
从亚历山大省社区药房的最新名单中抽取药剂师样本。社区药剂师完成了一项横断面自填式调查，以确定他们在斋月前后调整药物治疗方案的态度和行为。使用多元线性回归来预测MRA，将其作为TPB结构以及其他四个因素的函数，这四个因素分别是“药剂师发起关于MRA的对话”“工作小时数”“年龄”以及药剂师的“宗教信仰”。
在298名被邀请的药剂师中，有277名（92.9%）参与了调查。虽然94.2%的药剂师报告在斋月前后至少为一名患者进行了一种或多种MRA，但其中大多数是针对一小部分患者。最常见的MRA是改变服药频率，其次是药物剂量、剂型和药物本身。最终模型中MRA的统计学显著预测因素包括患者社会压力（PSP）（β = 0.274，P < 0.001）、药剂师感知行为能力（PBC）（β = 0.217，P < 0.001）、药剂师感知患者受益（PPB）（β = 0.207，P = 0.001）、发起沟通（β = 0.167，P = 0.001）以及工作小时数（β = 0.145，P = 0.005）。
TPB似乎在预测药剂师的MRA行为方面具有效用。药剂师可能比他们目前所扮演的角色更愿意承担更大的MRA职责。有必要培训那些经常被要求调整患者药物治疗方案的药剂师，以确保他们为禁食患者进出斋月提供安全的过渡。
