Studenka Breanna E, King Adam C, Newell Karl M
Department of Health, Physical Education, & Recreation, Utah State University.
Department of Health and Exercise Science, Truman State University.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2014 Aug;40(4):1629-40. doi: 10.1037/a0037113. Epub 2014 Jun 9.
Multiple processes support the persistent (learning) and transient (adaptive) change in behavior over time. We investigated whether practice and rest influence similarly the learning and adaptation of slow and fast frequency structures in isometric force tracking of pathways that varied in their regularity. Participants practiced 25 trials on each of 5 days in either a constant force target or 1 with the 1/f distributional properties of brown or pink noise. There was a reduction in root mean squared error (RMSE) as well as an increasing positive correlation between force output and the target pathway for all noise conditions over days. The spectral frequency analysis of force output and RMSE revealed task dependent outcomes of learning and adaptation as a function of the relatively slow (0-4 Hz) and fast (8-12 Hz) oscillatory time scales. These contrasting findings show that the persistent and transient properties of learning occur across different timescales and dimensions of behavior (force output and outcome-RMSE).
多种过程支持行为随时间的持续性（学习）和短暂性（适应性）变化。我们研究了练习和休息对不同规律性路径等长力跟踪中慢频率结构和快频率结构的学习与适应是否有相似影响。参与者在5天中的每一天都在恒定力目标或具有棕色或粉色噪声1/f分布特性的目标上进行25次试验。在所有噪声条件下，随着时间推移，均方根误差（RMSE）降低，且力输出与目标路径之间的正相关性增加。力输出和RMSE的频谱频率分析揭示了学习和适应的任务依赖性结果，其是相对较慢（0 - 4Hz）和较快（8 - 12Hz）振荡时间尺度的函数。这些对比结果表明，学习的持续性和短暂性特性出现在行为的不同时间尺度和维度（力输出和结果 - RMSE）上。
