Moncada Bibiana, Aguirre Jaime, Lücking Robert
Rev Biol Trop. 2014 Mar;62(1):257-72. doi: 10.15517/rbt.v62i1.3564.
Colombia is a megadiverse country, but with a substantial gap in the taxonomic and ecological knowledge of fungi and lichens. Thus, the objective of the present study was an ecogeographical analysis of the Sticta species in Colombia. The data included macrodistribution (with respect to mountain ranges and life zones) and microhabitat preferences (light, substrate) and were obtained from field work and herbarium collection labels (completed by comparison with modern geographic and vegetation maps), for 103 species of Sticta currently recognized in Colombia (plus seven additional biotypes with different photobionts or reproductive mode). Using non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMS), correlations between ecogeographical variables and species were established, and ecotypes were delimited. Colombian species of Sticta showed distinct distribution patterns relative to altitude, mountain ranges, life zones, as well as light exposure and substrate, forming several distinct groups. Cyanobacterial species tend to have wider distribution ranges than green algal species. We concluded that the orogeny of the Northern Andes substantially affected speciation of the genus Sticta and its ecogeographical differentiation.
哥伦比亚是一个生物多样性丰富的国家，但在真菌和地衣的分类学及生态学知识方面存在很大差距。因此，本研究的目的是对哥伦比亚的扁枝衣属物种进行生态地理学分析。数据包括宏观分布（相对于山脉和生物带）以及微生境偏好（光照、基质），这些数据来自实地考察和植物标本馆收藏标签（通过与现代地理和植被地图对比完成），涉及目前在哥伦比亚认可的103种扁枝衣属物种（另外还有7种具有不同光合生物或繁殖方式的生物型）。使用非度量多维标度法（NMS），建立了生态地理变量与物种之间的相关性，并划定了生态型。哥伦比亚的扁枝衣属物种在海拔、山脉、生物带以及光照和基质方面呈现出明显的分布模式，形成了几个不同的组。蓝藻物种的分布范围往往比绿藻物种更广。我们得出结论，安第斯山脉北部的造山运动极大地影响了扁枝衣属的物种形成及其生态地理分化。
