Triggiani Massimo, Montagni Marcello, Parente Roberta, Ridolo Erminia
aDivision of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Salerno, Salerno bDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Italy.
Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 2014 Aug;14(4):309-15. doi: 10.1097/ACI.0000000000000071.
Anaphylaxis is a life-threatening event in which the cardiovascular system is responsible for the majority of clinical symptoms and for potentially fatal outcome. This review summarizes the most recent clinical and experimental data on cardiovascular involvement during anaphylaxis.
Great efforts have been made in the last few years to understand the pathophysiology of anaphylactic reaction and to provide better identification of risk factors for the development of this reaction. Coronary blood flow can be impaired during anaphylaxis, which may significantly contribute to an unfavourable outcome. Also, preexisting coronary artery disease is a negative prognostic factor for anaphylaxis. In addition, acute ischemic events, including angina and myocardial infarction, are currently considered as part of the clinical picture of anaphylaxis. Moreover, cardiac emergency can be the presenting clinical picture of mast cell-related disorders.
Both cardiovascular and allergic diseases are frequent among populations. A better understanding of the mechanisms leading to cardiac mast cell activation and the effects of mast cell mediators on cardiovascular system can help improve the prevention and treatment of anaphylaxis.
过敏反应是一种危及生命的事件，其中心血管系统是大多数临床症状和潜在致命后果的主要原因。本综述总结了过敏反应期间心血管受累的最新临床和实验数据。
在过去几年中，人们为了解过敏反应的病理生理学并更好地识别该反应发生的风险因素付出了巨大努力。过敏反应期间冠状动脉血流可能受损，这可能显著导致不良后果。此外，既往存在的冠状动脉疾病是过敏反应的负面预后因素。此外，急性缺血事件，包括心绞痛和心肌梗死，目前被视为过敏反应临床表现的一部分。此外，心脏急症可能是肥大细胞相关疾病的首发临床表现。
心血管疾病和过敏性疾病在人群中都很常见。更好地了解导致心脏肥大细胞活化的机制以及肥大细胞介质对心血管系统的影响有助于改善过敏反应的预防和治疗。
