Lancioni Giulio E, Singh Nirbhay N, O'Reilly Mark F, Sigafoos Jeff, Alberti Gloria, Perilli Viviana, Oliva Doretta, Buono Serafino
University of Bari, Italy.
Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, USA.
Res Dev Disabil. 2014 Sep;35(9):2190-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2014.05.015. Epub 2014 Jun 7.
Three microswitch-aided programs were assessed in three single-case studies to enhance physical exercise or ambulation in participants with multiple disabilities. Study I was aimed at helping a woman who tended to have the head bending forward and the arms down to exercise a combination of appropriate head and arms movements. Study II was aimed at promoting ambulation continuity with a man who tended to have ambulation breaks. Study III was aimed at promoting ambulation with appropriate foot position in a girl who usually showed toe walking. The experimental designs of the studies consisted of a multiple probe across responses (Study I), an ABAB sequence (Study II), and an ABABB(1) sequence (Study III). The last phase of each study was followed by a post-intervention check. The microswitches monitored the target responses selected for the participants and triggered a computer system to provide preferred stimuli contingent on those responses during the intervention phases of the studies. Data showed that the programs were effective with each of the participants who learned to exercise head and arms movements, increased ambulation continuity, and acquired high levels of appropriate foot position during ambulation, respectively. The positive performance levels were retained during the post-intervention checks. The discussion focused on (a) the potential of technology-aided programs for persons with multiple disabilities and (b) the need of replication studies to extend the evidence available in the area.
在三项单病例研究中评估了三种微动开关辅助程序，以增强多重残疾参与者的体育锻炼或行走能力。研究I旨在帮助一名头部倾向于向前弯曲且手臂下垂的女性进行适当的头部和手臂运动组合锻炼。研究II旨在促进一名倾向于行走中断的男性的行走连续性。研究III旨在促进一名通常表现为脚尖行走的女孩以适当的足部姿势行走。这些研究的实验设计包括跨反应多重探测（研究I）、ABAB序列（研究II）和ABABB(1)序列（研究III）。每项研究的最后阶段之后都进行了干预后检查。微动开关监测为参与者选择的目标反应，并在研究的干预阶段触发计算机系统，根据这些反应提供首选刺激。数据表明，这些程序对每位参与者都有效，他们分别学会了进行头部和手臂运动锻炼、提高了行走连续性，并在行走过程中获得了高水平的适当足部姿势。干预后检查期间保持了积极的表现水平。讨论集中在（a）技术辅助程序对多重残疾人士的潜力，以及（b）进行重复研究以扩展该领域现有证据的必要性。
