Jung Kim Hyun, Hyun Park Sang
Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju-si, Republic of Korea.
Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju-si, Republic of Korea
J Int Med Res. 2014 Aug;42(4):887-97. doi: 10.1177/0300060514531924. Epub 2014 Jun 11.
Nerve injury is a common complication following intramuscular injection and the sciatic nerve is the most frequently affected nerve, especially in children, the elderly and underweight patients. The neurological presentation may range from minor transient pain to severe sensory disturbance and motor loss with poor recovery. Management of nerve injection injury includes drug treatment of pain, physiotherapy, use of assistive devices and surgical exploration. Early recognition of nerve injection injury and appropriate management are crucial in order to reduce neurological deficit and to maximize recovery. Sciatic nerve injection injury is a preventable event. Total avoidance of intramuscular injection is recommended if other administration routes can be used. If the injection has to be administered into the gluteal muscle, the ventrogluteal region (gluteal triangle) has a more favourable safety profile than the dorsogluteal region (the upper outer quadrant of the buttock).
神经损伤是肌肉注射后常见的并发症，坐骨神经是最常受影响的神经，尤其是在儿童、老年人和体重过轻的患者中。神经学表现范围可从轻微的短暂疼痛到严重的感觉障碍和运动丧失，且恢复不佳。神经注射损伤的处理包括疼痛的药物治疗、物理治疗、使用辅助装置和手术探查。早期识别神经注射损伤并进行适当处理对于减少神经功能缺损和最大限度地促进恢复至关重要。坐骨神经注射损伤是可以预防的事件。如果可以使用其他给药途径，建议完全避免肌肉注射。如果必须在臀肌内注射，臀中肌区（臀三角）比臀大肌区（臀部的外上象限）具有更有利的安全性。
