Weber E
Zoologisches Institut der Universität, 53 Bonn, Federal Republic of Germany.
Behav Processes. 1976 Nov;1(3):197-216. doi: 10.1016/0376-6357(76)90022-X.
In the interior of the larynx of Ranidae there are two sturdy vocal cords. The Bufonidae have more delicate vocal cords, and in addition paired cushions of tissue anterior to the cords and paired folds posterior to the cords. In the three ranids Rana esculenta, Rana ridibunda and Rana temporaria, partial or total extirpation of the vocal cords results in loss of voice or atypical release calls. In such remnants of calls as are retained, the frequency composition is little affected, whereas the intensity is always greatly reduced. The most severe impairment is evident in the formation of sound pulses and in the rhythmicity of the pulse sequence. In the three bufonids Bufo bufo, Bufo calamita and Bufo viridis loss of voice is a less common result of the various operations than in the ranids. The most marked deterioration follows removal of all or part of the vocal cords. The tissue cushions and the posterior folds participate, along with the vocal cords, in production of the release calls. Post-operative alterations in the release calls are therefore quite variable.
蛙科动物喉部内部有两条结实的声带。蟾蜍科动物的声带更为纤细，此外，在声带前方还有成对的组织垫，在声带后方有成对的褶皱。在食用蛙、食用雨蛙和林蛙这三种蛙科动物中，部分或全部切除声带会导致失声或发出非典型的释放叫声。在保留下来的叫声残余中，频率组成受影响较小，而强度总是大幅降低。最严重的损伤在声脉冲的形成以及脉冲序列的节律性方面表现明显。在中华大蟾蜍、绿蟾蜍和绿背蟾蜍这三种蟾蜍科动物中，与蛙科动物相比，各种手术导致失声的情况不太常见。最明显的恶化情况发生在全部或部分切除声带之后。组织垫和后部褶皱与声带一起参与释放叫声的产生。因此，释放叫声的术后变化相当多样。
