Lopez F, Pereira C
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Maestría de Análisis Experimental de la Conducta, Apartado Postal 21-182, Coyoacán, C. P. 04000, México, D. F., MEXICO.
Behav Processes. 1985 Mar;10(3):249-64. doi: 10.1016/0376-6357(85)90072-5.
Two experiments used response-restriction procedures in order to test the independence of the factors determining response rate and the factors determining the size of the postreinforcement pause on interval schedules. Responding was restricted by response-produced blackout or by retracting the lever. In Experiment 1 with a Conjunctive FR 1 FT schedule, the blackout procedure reduced the postreinforcement pause more than the lever-retraction procedure did, and both procedures produced shorter pauses than did the schedule without response restriction. In Experiment 2 the interreinforcement interval was also manipulated, and the size of the pause was an increasing function of the interreinforcement interval, but the rate of increase was lower than that produced by fixed interval schedules of comparable interval durations. The assumption of functional independence of the postreinforcement pause and terminal rate in fixed interval schedules is questioned since data suggest that pause reductions resulted from constraining variation in response number compared to equivalent periodic schedules in which response number was allowed to vary.
两项实验采用了反应限制程序，以检验在间隔强化程序中，决定反应率的因素与决定强化后停顿时间长短的因素之间的独立性。通过反应产生的黑屏或缩回杠杆来限制反应。在实验1中，采用了联合固定比率1固定时间间隔（Conjunctive FR 1 FT）程序，黑屏程序比杠杆缩回程序更能减少强化后的停顿时间，并且这两种程序产生的停顿时间都比无反应限制的程序要短。在实验2中，还对强化间隔进行了操控，停顿时间的长短是强化间隔的递增函数，但增加的速率低于具有可比间隔时长的固定间隔程序所产生的速率。固定间隔程序中强化后停顿和最终反应率功能独立性的假设受到质疑，因为数据表明，与允许反应次数变化的等效周期性程序相比，停顿时间的减少是由于限制了反应次数的变化所致。
