Hall G, Channell S
Dept. of Psychology, University of York, York Y01 5DD England.
Behav Processes. 1985 Mar;10(3):285-95. doi: 10.1016/0376-6357(85)90075-0.
In each of three experiments pigeons were trained on a simultaneous discrimination between stimuli that differed in both colour and orientation. For half the birds the colour dimension was relevant and for half orientation was relevant (i.e., differences along that dimension were correlated with reward and nonreward). All birds were then shifted to a second discrimination between new colours and orientations. For half this constituted an intradimensional shift in that the previously relevant dimension remained relevant; for the remainder the previously irrelevant dimension was made relevant (an extradimensional shift). Contrary to the predictions of attentional theory, the two types of shift were learned with equal ease.
在三个实验中的每一个实验里，鸽子都接受了关于颜色和方向都不同的刺激之间的同时辨别训练。对于一半的鸽子来说，颜色维度是相关的，而对于另一半鸽子来说，方向是相关的（即沿着该维度的差异与奖励和无奖励相关）。然后所有的鸽子都被转移到对新颜色和方向的第二种辨别任务中。对于其中一半鸽子来说，这构成了一种维度内转换，即之前相关的维度仍然相关；对于其余鸽子来说，之前不相关的维度变得相关（维度间转换）。与注意理论的预测相反，这两种转换的学习难度相同。
