Dewsbury D A
University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, U.S.A.
Behav Processes. 1980 Sep;5(3):271-80. doi: 10.1016/0376-6357(80)90007-8.
The objective of this research was to describe the levels and periodicity of wheel running in 12 species of muroid rodents in order that comparisons could be made among different measures of activity in a variety of species. Six males from each species (Peromyscus polionotus, P. eremicus, P. leucopus, P. maniculatus, P. gossypinus, Microtus pennysylvanicus, M. montanus, M. canicaudus, M. ochrogaster, Calomys callos us, Onychomys leucogaster, and Mus musculus) were tested in running wheels for 14 days, with the amount of running recorded hourly. There were significant species differences in amount of wheel running, with Peromyscus generally running more than Microtus. All species displayed marked nocturnality. Thus, Peromyscus display consistent nocturnality both across species, and for various behavioral patterns measured using a variety of methods. By contrast, Microtus display a nocturnal pattern of wheel running, but not of eating, drinking, and various other behavioral patterns. These differences appear to reflect adaptations related to habit and diet.
本研究的目的是描述12种鼠科啮齿动物的转轮活动水平和周期性，以便能够对多种物种的不同活动测量指标进行比较。从每个物种（海滨鹿鼠、荒漠鹿鼠、白足鼠、北美鹿鼠、棉鼠、宾夕法尼亚田鼠、山地田鼠、长尾田鼠、赭腹田鼠、南美原鼠、白纹鼩鼱和小家鼠）中选取6只雄性个体，在转轮中测试14天，每小时记录转轮活动量。不同物种的转轮活动量存在显著差异，鹿鼠通常比田鼠跑得更多。所有物种都表现出明显的夜行性。因此，鹿鼠在不同物种间以及使用多种方法测量的各种行为模式中都表现出一致的夜行性。相比之下，田鼠在转轮活动上表现出夜行模式，但在进食、饮水和其他各种行为模式上并非如此。这些差异似乎反映了与习性和饮食相关的适应性。
