Institut de Biologie de l'École Normale Supérieure, Inserm U1024, and CNRS UMR 8197, 75005 Paris, France.
Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Science. 2014 Jul 4;345(6192):87-90. doi: 10.1126/science.1253286. Epub 2014 Jun 12.
Neural crest cells migrate extensively and give rise to most of the peripheral nervous system, including sympathetic, parasympathetic, enteric, and dorsal root ganglia. We studied how parasympathetic ganglia form close to visceral organs and what their precursors are. We find that many cranial nerve-associated crest cells coexpress the pan-autonomic determinant Paired-like homeodomain 2b (Phox2b) together with markers of Schwann cell precursors. Some give rise to Schwann cells after down-regulation of PHOX2b. Others form parasympathetic ganglia after being guided to the site of ganglion formation by the nerves that carry preganglionic fibers, a parsimonious way of wiring the pathway. Thus, cranial Schwann cell precursors are the source of parasympathetic neurons during normal development.
神经嵴细胞广泛迁移，并产生大部分外周神经系统，包括交感神经、副交感神经、肠神经系统和背根神经节。我们研究了副交感神经节如何在靠近内脏器官的地方形成，以及它们的前体是什么。我们发现，许多颅神经相关的神经嵴细胞共同表达自主神经决定因子配对同源框 2b（Phox2b）以及施万细胞前体标志物。一些细胞在下调 PHOX2b 后产生施万细胞。另一些则在被携带节前纤维的神经引导到神经节形成部位后形成副交感神经节，这是一种布线途径的简约方式。因此，颅神经施万细胞前体是正常发育过程中副交感神经元的来源。
