Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
Int J Psychiatry Clin Pract. 2006;10(1):69-72. doi: 10.1080/13651500500443365.
Previous international and Hungarian studies have shown that around 90% of persons making suicide attempts had at least one current mental disorder. The aim of this study was to investigate the current prevalence of DSM-IV Axis I psychiatric diagnoses among nonviolent suicide attempters in Budapest, Hungary.
Using a structured interview (Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview) determining DSM-IV Axis I diagnoses, the authors examined 100 consecutively contacted nonviolent suicide attempters (68 females and 32 males), aged between 14 and 66 (mean: 36.3 years).
A total of 64% of the subjects were repeated attempters, and the most common method was drug overdose (96%), in 21% of cases in combination with alcohol ingestion. A total of 92% of the attempters had at least one current DSM-IV Axis I psychiatric diagnosis. In 87% it was depressive disorder (59% unipolar major depression, 14% bipolar II depression and 12% bipolar I depression, 2% dysthymic disorder), in 46% anxiety disorders, in 27% substance-use disorder and in 2% psychotic disorder. Sixty percent of the attempters received two or more current Axis I diagnoses (35% depressive + anxiety disorder only, 15% depressive + substance-related disorder only, and 10% depressive + anxiety + substance-related disorder).
Nonviolent suicide attempters are not representative of all persons with attempted suicide and subthreshold Axis I diagnoses were not investigated.
This study supports previous international and Hungarian findings on the high prevalence and comorbidity of Axis I mental disorders among persons with recent nonviolent suicide attempt.
先前的国际和匈牙利研究表明，约 90%的自杀未遂者至少患有一种当前的精神障碍。本研究旨在调查布达佩斯非暴力自杀未遂者中 DSM-IV 轴 I 精神障碍的当前流行率。
作者使用确定 DSM-IV 轴 I 诊断的结构化访谈（Mini 国际神经精神访谈），检查了 100 名连续联系的非暴力自杀未遂者（68 名女性和 32 名男性），年龄在 14 至 66 岁之间（平均年龄：36.3 岁）。
共有 64%的受试者是重复尝试者，最常见的方法是药物过量（96%），在 21%的情况下与酒精摄入同时发生。92%的尝试者至少有一个当前的 DSM-IV 轴 I 精神诊断。在 87%的情况下是抑郁障碍（59%单相重性抑郁，14%双相 II 型抑郁，12%双相 I 型抑郁，2%恶劣心境障碍），46%的焦虑障碍，27%的物质使用障碍和 2%的精神病性障碍。60%的尝试者接受了两个或更多当前的轴 I 诊断（35%抑郁+焦虑障碍仅，15%抑郁+物质相关障碍仅，10%抑郁+焦虑+物质相关障碍）。
非暴力自杀未遂者不能代表所有自杀未遂者，也没有调查亚阈值轴 I 诊断。
本研究支持先前国际和匈牙利的研究结果，即最近非暴力自杀未遂者的轴 I 精神障碍的高患病率和共病率。
