Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hatherly Laboratories, Prince of Wales Road, University of Exeter, EX4 4PS, UK.
Androfert, Andrology and Human Reproduction Clinic, Campinas, Brazil.
Environ Int. 2014 Sep;70:106-12. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2014.04.015. Epub 2014 Jun 10.
Mobile phones are owned by most of the adult population worldwide. Radio-frequency electromagnetic radiation (RF-EMR) from these devices could potentially affect sperm development and function. Around 14% of couples in high- and middle-income countries have difficulty conceiving, and there are unexplained declines in semen quality reported in several countries. Given the ubiquity of mobile phone use, the potential role of this environmental exposure needs to be clarified. A systematic review was therefore conducted, followed by meta-analysis using random effects models, to determine whether exposure to RF-EMR emitted from mobile phones affects human sperm quality. Participants were from fertility clinic and research centres. The sperm quality outcome measures were motility, viability and concentration, which are the parameters most frequently used in clinical settings to assess fertility. We used ten studies in the meta-analysis, including 1492 samples. Exposure to mobile phones was associated with reduced sperm motility (mean difference -8.1% (95% CI -13.1, -3.2)) and viability (mean difference -9.1% (95% CI -18.4, 0.2)), but the effects on concentration were more equivocal. The results were consistent across experimental in vitro and observational in vivo studies. We conclude that pooled results from in vitro and in vivo studies suggest that mobile phone exposure negatively affects sperm quality. Further study is required to determine the full clinical implications for both sub-fertile men and the general population.
全球大多数成年人口都拥有手机。这些设备发出的射频电磁辐射（RF-EMR）可能会影响精子的发育和功能。在高收入和中等收入国家中，约有 14%的夫妇难以受孕，并且有几个国家报告称精液质量出现了不明原因的下降。鉴于手机使用的普遍性，需要阐明这种环境暴露的潜在作用。因此，进行了系统评价，并使用随机效应模型进行荟萃分析，以确定暴露于手机发出的射频电磁辐射是否会影响人类精子质量。参与者来自生育诊所和研究中心。精子质量的结果衡量标准是运动能力、活力和浓度，这是临床评估生育能力最常用的参数。我们在荟萃分析中使用了十项研究，包括 1492 个样本。暴露于手机与精子运动能力降低（平均差异 -8.1%（95% CI -13.1，-3.2））和活力降低（平均差异 -9.1%（95% CI -18.4，0.2））相关，但对浓度的影响则更为模棱两可。实验性离体和观察性体内研究的结果一致。我们的结论是，离体和体内研究的综合结果表明，手机暴露会对精子质量产生负面影响。需要进一步研究，以确定对生育能力低下的男性和一般人群的全部临床影响。
