Lv Sunjian, Xu Jiehao, Zhao Jing, Yin Na, Lu Binjie, Li Song, Chen Yuyin, Xu Haisheng
College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang Province, China.
College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Jining 272000, Shandong Province, China.
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2014 Aug;39(2):415-22. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2014.05.036. Epub 2014 Jun 11.
Eriocheir sinensis (Henri Milne Edwards 1854) is one of the most important aquaculture species in China. In this investigation, we characterised the different types of haemocytes of E. sinensis using light and electron microscopy combined with cytochemical analysis and determined the in vivo phagocytic ability of different haemocyte types by injecting polystyrene beads. The haemocytes of E. sinensis were divided into three types: hyalinocytes, semigranulocytes and granulocytes. The hyalinocytes had no or few cytoplasmic granules; the semigranulocytes contained abundant small granules and a few large refractile cytoplasmic granules; and the granulocytes contained numerous large refractile cytoplasmic granules. The hyalinocytes were demonstrated to be the most abundant circulating haemocytes and the most avid phagocytic haemocytes, accounting for approximately 88.7% of the total phagocytes. The haemocyte-containing granules displayed limited phagocytic ability, with approximately 5.0% of granulocytes and 6.3% of semigranulocytes displaying positive phagocytic ability against the invading polystyrene beads in vivo. After injection with Aeromonas hydrophila, Bacillus subtilis and different concentrations of lipopolysaccharide for 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 h, all three types of haemocytes experienced dramatic decline and then rapid recovery to their initial levels. A high concentration of lipopolysaccharide and A. hydrophila were extremely toxic to the crabs, as they induced a more serious loss of haemocytes compared with a low concentration of lipopolysaccharide and B. subtilis. Overall, the results obtained in this study indicate that a small proportion of the haemocytes of E. sinensis contributed to the phagocytic process, and the migration of haemocytes and haemocyte lysis were most likely a prominent pathway for pathogen elimination.
中华绒螯蟹（Henri Milne Edwards，1854年）是中国最重要的水产养殖品种之一。在本研究中，我们通过光学显微镜和电子显微镜结合细胞化学分析，对中华绒螯蟹不同类型的血细胞进行了表征，并通过注射聚苯乙烯珠粒测定了不同血细胞类型在体内的吞噬能力。中华绒螯蟹的血细胞分为三种类型：透明细胞、半颗粒细胞和颗粒细胞。透明细胞没有或只有很少的细胞质颗粒；半颗粒细胞含有丰富的小颗粒和一些大的折光性细胞质颗粒；颗粒细胞含有大量大的折光性细胞质颗粒。结果表明，透明细胞是循环血细胞中数量最多、吞噬活性最强的细胞，约占总吞噬细胞的88.7%。含颗粒的血细胞吞噬能力有限，体内约5.0%的颗粒细胞和6.3%的半颗粒细胞对入侵的聚苯乙烯珠粒表现出阳性吞噬能力。注射嗜水气单胞菌、枯草芽孢杆菌和不同浓度的脂多糖0.25、0.5、1、2、4、6和8小时后，三种类型的血细胞均出现急剧下降，然后迅速恢复到初始水平。高浓度的脂多糖和嗜水气单胞菌对螃蟹具有极高的毒性，因为与低浓度的脂多糖和枯草芽孢杆菌相比，它们导致血细胞损失更严重。总体而言，本研究结果表明，中华绒螯蟹中一小部分血细胞参与了吞噬过程，血细胞迁移和血细胞溶解很可能是清除病原体的重要途径。
