Frauscher Birgit, Mitterling Thomas, Bode Aleke, Ehrmann Laura, Gabelia David, Biermayr Marlene, Walters Arthur Scott, Poewe Werner, Högl Birgit
Department of Neurology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria.
Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN.
J Clin Sleep Med. 2014 Jun 15;10(6):623-9. doi: 10.5664/jcsm.3784.
Despite several polysomnographic normative studies and multiple surveys of sleep disorders in the general population, few data have been collected on healthy sleepers. We aimed to survey the characteristics of healthy sleep.
We prospectively investigated the sleep history of 100 subjects of a representative population sample who reported undisturbed sleep and in whom relevant sleep disorders were ruled out by a two-step screening procedure. Approximately four subjects had to be contacted for identifying 1 eligible subject who participated.
The median reported time in bed was from 23:00 (21:30-02:00) to 07:00 (05:30-11:00). The total sleep duration was 7.3 h (5-10 h), varying from 7.5 h in the age group ≤ 30 years to 7 h in subjects aged 40-60 years and to 8 h in subjects > 60 years (p = 0.002). The median sleep efficiency was high (93.3%, range: 55.6% to 100%). Fifty-one subjects reported occasional snoring. Forty-five subjects reported sporadic non-bothersome sleep-related movement disorders (25 sleep-related leg cramps, 22 lifetime bruxism, 5 restless legs syndrome), and 36 had a history of sporadic non-bothersome parasomnias (27 nightmares, 12 sleepwalking, 1 sleep paralysis).
In this population of healthy sleepers, snoring is the most common finding. Moreover, non-bothersome forms of recognizable sleep-related movement disorders and parasomnias are surprisingly common. These findings may suggest that diagnostic criteria of sleep disorders should not only be based on the presence of symptoms but also account for a minimum frequency or discomfort.
尽管已有多项多导睡眠图规范研究以及针对普通人群睡眠障碍的多项调查，但针对健康睡眠者收集的数据却很少。我们旨在调查健康睡眠的特征。
我们前瞻性地调查了100名具有代表性的人群样本的睡眠史，这些人报告睡眠未受干扰，且通过两步筛查程序排除了相关睡眠障碍。大约需要联系四名受试者才能确定一名符合条件并参与研究的受试者。
报告的上床睡觉时间中位数为23:00（21:30 - 02:00）至07:00（05:30 - 11:00）。总睡眠时间为7.3小时（5 - 10小时），年龄≤30岁的年龄组为7.5小时，40 - 60岁的受试者为7小时，>60岁的受试者为8小时（p = 0.002）。睡眠效率中位数较高（93.3%，范围：55.6%至100%）。51名受试者报告偶尔打鼾。45名受试者报告有偶发性、不造成困扰的睡眠相关运动障碍（25例睡眠相关腿部痉挛、22例终生磨牙症、5例不宁腿综合征），36名受试者有偶发性、不造成困扰的异态睡眠病史（27例噩梦、12例梦游、1例睡眠瘫痪）。
在这群健康睡眠者中，打鼾是最常见的发现。此外，可识别的、不造成困扰的睡眠相关运动障碍和异态睡眠形式惊人地普遍。这些发现可能表明，睡眠障碍的诊断标准不应仅基于症状的存在，还应考虑最低频率或不适程度。
