Murray Nicholas, Salvatore Anthony, Powell Douglas, Reed-Jones Rebecca
Department of Health and Kinesiology, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro.
J Athl Train. 2014 Jul-Aug;49(4):540-9. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-49.3.32. Epub 2014 Jun 16.
An estimated 300 000 sport-related concussion injuries occur in the United States annually. Approximately 30% of individuals with concussions experience balance disturbances. Common methods of balance assessment include the Clinical Test of Sensory Organization and Balance (CTSIB), the Sensory Organization Test (SOT), the Balance Error Scoring System (BESS), and the Romberg test; however, the National Collegiate Athletic Association recommended the Wii Fit as an alternative measure of balance in athletes with a concussion. A central concern regarding the implementation of the Wii Fit is whether it is reliable and valid for measuring balance disturbance in athletes with concussion.
To examine the reliability and validity evidence for the CTSIB, SOT, BESS, Romberg test, and Wii Fit for detecting balance disturbance in athletes with a concussion.
Literature considered for review included publications with reliability and validity data for the assessments of balance (CTSIB, SOT, BESS, Romberg test, and Wii Fit) from PubMed, PsycINFO, and CINAHL.
We identified 63 relevant articles for consideration in the review. Of the 63 articles, 28 were considered appropriate for inclusion and 35 were excluded.
No current reliability or validity information supports the use of the CTSIB, SOT, Romberg test, or Wii Fit for balance assessment in athletes with a concussion. The BESS demonstrated moderate to high reliability (interclass correlation coefficient = 0.87) and low to moderate validity (sensitivity = 34%, specificity = 87%). However, the Romberg test and Wii Fit have been shown to be reliable tools in the assessment of balance in Parkinson patients.
The BESS can evaluate balance problems after a concussion. However, it lacks the ability to detect balance problems after the third day of recovery. Further investigation is needed to establish the use of the CTSIB, SOT, Romberg test, and Wii Fit for assessing balance in athletes with concussions.
在美国，每年估计有30万例与运动相关的脑震荡损伤。约30%的脑震荡患者会出现平衡障碍。常用的平衡评估方法包括感觉统合与平衡临床测试（CTSIB）、感觉统合测试（SOT）、平衡误差评分系统（BESS）和罗姆伯格测试；然而，美国大学体育协会推荐将Wii Fit作为脑震荡运动员平衡的替代测量方法。关于Wii Fit实施的一个核心问题是，它在测量脑震荡运动员的平衡障碍方面是否可靠且有效。
检验CTSIB、SOT、BESS、罗姆伯格测试和Wii Fit在检测脑震荡运动员平衡障碍方面的可靠性和有效性证据。
纳入综述的文献包括来自PubMed、PsycINFO和CINAHL的有关平衡评估（CTSIB、SOT、BESS、罗姆伯格测试和Wii Fit）的可靠性和有效性数据的出版物。
我们确定了63篇相关文章以供综述考虑。在这63篇文章中，28篇被认为适合纳入，35篇被排除。
目前没有可靠性或有效性信息支持将CTSIB、SOT、罗姆伯格测试或Wii Fit用于脑震荡运动员的平衡评估。BESS显示出中度至高度可靠性（组内相关系数 = 0.87）和低度至中度有效性（敏感性 = 34%，特异性 = 87%）。然而，罗姆伯格测试和Wii Fit已被证明是评估帕金森病患者平衡的可靠工具。
BESS可以评估脑震荡后的平衡问题。然而，它缺乏在恢复第三天后检测平衡问题的能力。需要进一步研究以确定CTSIB、SOT、罗姆伯格测试和Wii Fit在评估脑震荡运动员平衡方面的用途。
