Int J Phytoremediation. 2014;16(7-12):859-70. doi: 10.1080/15226514.2013.798622.
Wastewaters from tannery industry are complex in composition and providing adequate treatment can be difficult. Constructed wetlands (CW) are regarded as an alternative treatment to the conventional biological systems, as a developing cost-effective and environmentally friendly phytoremediation technology. The present review compiles and integrates information on CWs technology for the needs of the tannery sector. The following issues arise as crucial for the implementation of such systems, namely i) an accurate wastewater characterization and an effective pretreatment before reaching the CW, ii) choosing the plants species better adapted to the imposed conditions, iii) substrate selection and iv) range of organic loadings applied. The examples practiced in Portugal give indication that horizontal subsurface flow systems, with expanded clay media, are a suitable option to be considered when dealing with high organic loading tannery wastewater (up to c.a. 3800 kgCODha(-1)d(-1)), being resilient to a wide range of hydraulic variations. Plants such as Phragmites and Typha have shown to be adequate for tannery wastewater depuration, with Arundo donax proving resilient to high salinity wastewaters. The flexibility of implementation allows the CW to be adapted to different sites with different configurations, being suitable as main secondary or tertiary treatment stage.
制革工业废水成分复杂，提供充分的处理可能较为困难。人工湿地（CW）被认为是传统生物系统的替代处理方法，是一种发展中的具有成本效益和环境友好型的植物修复技术。本综述汇集并整合了 CW 技术的信息，以满足制革行业的需求。以下问题对于实施此类系统至关重要，即 i）准确的废水特性描述和到达 CW 之前的有效预处理，ii）选择更适应所施加条件的植物物种，iii）选择合适的基质，以及 iv）应用的有机负荷范围。葡萄牙的实践案例表明，水平潜流系统，采用膨胀粘土介质，是处理高有机负荷制革废水（高达约 3800 kgCODha(-1)d(-1)）的合适选择，对广泛的水力变化具有弹性。芦苇和香蒲等植物已被证明适合制革废水的净化，而 Arundo donax 对高盐度废水具有弹性。实施的灵活性允许 CW 适应不同地点的不同配置，可作为主要的二级或三级处理阶段。
