Fowler-Kennedy Sport Medicine Clinic, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON, N6A 3K7, Canada.
Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2015 Nov;23(11):3196-201. doi: 10.1007/s00167-014-3126-y. Epub 2014 Jun 17.
To determine the radiographic landmarks of the anterolateral ligament (ALL) on the femur and tibia to assist in intraoperative graft placement during ALL reconstruction.
The footprints of the ALL, fibular collateral ligament (FCL), popliteus insertion, lateral gastrocnemius insertion, and Gerdy's tubercle were isolated and centrally marked with tantalum beads in thirteen fresh-frozen cadaveric knees. Measurements were taken from the true lateral fluoroscopic images. On the femur, the mean distances from the ALL origin to the FCL origin and from the ALL origin to the popliteus insertion were measured. On the tibia, the mean distances from the ALL insertion to Gerdy's tubercle and from the ALL insertion to the lateral tibial plateau were measured. Furthermore, radiographic descriptions of the ALL origin and insertion were developed.
The ALL origin on the femur averaged 3.3 ± 1.5 mm anterior-distal to the FCL origin in one anatomical variant and 5.4 ± 1.4 mm posterior-proximal to the FCL origin in a second variant. The ALL origin was 9.9 ± 2.7 mm from the popliteus insertion. The ALL origin is described as overlying the posterior femoral cortical line, between Blumensaat's line and a line from the posterior condylar articular edge parallel to Blumensaat's line. The ALL insertion on the tibia averaged 24.7 ± 4.5 mm posterior to Gerdy's tubercle and 11.5 ± 2.9 mm distal to the lateral tibial plateau. The tibial ALL insertion is described between the posterior tibial cortical line and a parallel line drawn down from the apex of the tibial spine, and overlying a line drawn perpendicular to the posterior tibial cortical line starting from the apex of the posterior tibial condyles.
Using direct lateral fluoroscopy, radiographic landmarks of the ALL origin and insertion have been described.
确定股骨和胫骨前外侧韧带 (ALL) 的影像学标志，以协助 ALL 重建术中移植物的放置。
在 13 个新鲜冷冻尸体膝关节中，将 ALL、腓侧副韧带 (FCL)、腘肌止点、外侧腓肠肌止点和 Gerdy 结节的足迹孤立出来并在中央用钽珠标记。从真正的侧位荧光透视图像中进行测量。在股骨上，测量 ALL 起点到 FCL 起点和 ALL 起点到腘肌止点的平均距离。在胫骨上，测量 ALL 止点到 Gerdy 结节和 ALL 止点到外侧胫骨平台的平均距离。此外，还对 ALL 起点和止点的影像学描述进行了开发。
在一个解剖变异中，股骨上 ALL 的起点平均位于 FCL 起点前-远侧 3.3 ± 1.5 毫米处，在第二个变异中位于 FCL 起点后-近侧 5.4 ± 1.4 毫米处。ALL 起点距离腘肌止点 9.9 ± 2.7 毫米。ALL 起点被描述为位于股骨后皮质线上方，Blumensaat 线和一条从后髁关节边缘向后平行于 Blumensaat 线的线之间。胫骨上 ALL 的止点平均位于 Gerdy 结节后 24.7 ± 4.5 毫米和外侧胫骨平台后 11.5 ± 2.9 毫米处。胫骨 ALL 止点位于后胫骨皮质线和从胫骨棘顶点向下绘制的平行线之间，并且位于从后胫骨髁顶点开始垂直于后胫骨皮质线绘制的线之上。
使用直接侧位荧光透视术，描述了 ALL 起点和止点的影像学标志。
